{"id":9964,"date":"2026-10-15T06:00:08","date_gmt":"2026-10-15T10:00:08","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.alexluyckx.com\/blog\/?p=9964"},"modified":"2026-09-01T08:40:48","modified_gmt":"2026-09-01T12:40:48","slug":"sail-away-museum-ships","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.alexluyckx.com\/blog\/2026\/10\/15\/sail-away-museum-ships\/","title":{"rendered":"Sail Away | Museum Ships"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Don&#8217;t worry, this isn&#8217;t a post about <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=2zkjQVh5KmQ\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">new-age music<\/a>. Back in August, I had the chance to tour one of Canada&#8217;s museum ships again; we don&#8217;t have many, especially here in Ontario. But it got me thinking about how important these museum ships are in bringing us closer to history. It&#8217;s all well and good to read about the naval battles of the past. But being able to walk the decks of the ships that were right in the thick of things is something else. My first experience with museum ships came way back in the 1990s on a family vacation to Hilton Head and a visit to Patriots Point. Here I got a chance to tour the <em>USS Yorktown<\/em>, <em>USS Laffey<\/em>, <em>USS Clamagore<\/em> (scrapped in 2022), and a nuclear-powered cargo ship <em>NS Savannah<\/em> (relocated to Baltimore in 2008). This got me thinking about all the historic ships I&#8217;ve had the chance to tour. And I thought, why not put them all into a single post and maybe inspire someone to check out their nearest ship museum.<\/p>\n<p><strong>HMCS Haida<\/strong><br \/>\nWhen it comes to museum ships, the <em>HMCS Haida<\/em> is the one closest to me, first located in Toronto (I photographed it here with a cheap 110 camera) and later moved to Hamilton. Today, it is a stunning museum to visit, hosting various events throughout the year and even serving a ceremonial role as the flagship of the Royal Canadian Navy. Now I honestly can&#8217;t think about whether I saw the museum at Patriots Point first or the Haida first. Either way, it is well worth the visit if you&#8217;re in Hamilton and looking for something to do.<\/p>\n<p><figure style=\"width: 1024px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a data-flickr-embed=\"true\" href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/axle81401\/14354928544\/\" title=\"52:320TXP - Week 23 - Overlord\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/live.staticflickr.com\/3899\/14354928544_eba8325d38_b.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"655\" alt=\"52:320TXP - Week 23 - Overlord\"\/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\"><script async src=\"\/\/embedr.flickr.com\/assets\/client-code.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script>The Haida at her new home in Hamilton, Ontario.<br \/>\nModified Anniversary Speed Graphic &#8211; Schneider-Kreuznack Angulon 1:6,8\/90 &#8211; Kodak Tri-X Pan @ ASA-320 &#8211; Kodak Tmax Developer (1+4) 8:00 @ 20C<\/figcaption><\/figure><figure style=\"width: 1024px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a data-flickr-embed=\"true\" href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/axle81401\/5791974278\/\" title=\"APUG Meet - May 2011 (Project:52 - Week 21)\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/live.staticflickr.com\/3230\/5791974278_1fef8b4586_b.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"750\" alt=\"APUG Meet - May 2011 (Project:52 - Week 21)\"\/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\"><script async src=\"\/\/embedr.flickr.com\/assets\/client-code.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script>Looking down at the four Mk.IX 21&#8243; Torpedo Launchers installed in 1943.<br \/>\nPentax 645 &#8211; SMC Pentax-A 645 75mm 1:2.8 &#8211; Shanghai GP3 @ ASA-100 &#8211; Processing By: Silvano&#8217;s<\/figcaption><\/figure><figure style=\"width: 1024px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a data-flickr-embed=\"true\" href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/axle81401\/5791413063\/\" title=\"APUG Meet - May 2011 (Project:52 - Week 21)\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/live.staticflickr.com\/3501\/5791413063_357fc430f1_b.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"752\" alt=\"APUG Meet - May 2011 (Project:52 - Week 21)\"\/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\"><script async src=\"\/\/embedr.flickr.com\/assets\/client-code.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script>One of the 40mm Bofors guns used in anti-aircraft and anti-ship guns installed in 1949.<br \/>\nPentax 645 &#8211; SMC Pentax-A 645 75mm 1:2.8 &#8211; Shanghai GP3 @ ASA-100 &#8211; Processing By: Silvano&#8217;s<\/figcaption><\/figure><figure style=\"width: 1024px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a data-flickr-embed=\"true\" href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/axle81401\/5791431181\/\" title=\"APUG Meet - May 2011 (Project:52 - Week 21)\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/live.staticflickr.com\/3644\/5791431181_d00d7cd00a_b.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"672\" alt=\"APUG Meet - May 2011 (Project:52 - Week 21)\"\/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\"><script async src=\"\/\/embedr.flickr.com\/assets\/client-code.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script>One of the two twin 4&#8243; Mk.16 guns, installed in 1952, these could hit targets 15km away.<br \/>\nNikon FM2n &#8211; Nikon Series E 28mm 1:2.8 &#8211; Kodak Ektachrome E100GX @ ASA-100 &#8211; Processing By: Silvano&#8217;s<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/p>\n<p>The Tribal or Afridi Class is a heavily armed destroyer and the second use of the class name, with the modern design dating back to 1936. Originally conceived as a light fleet cruiser, it would evolve into a destroyer over time, with an emphasis on guns over torpedoes. This evolution was a direct response to similar designs from Germany, Italy, and Japan. The keel of hull 41 was laid down by Vickers-Armstrong yards at Newcastle-upon-Tyne on 29 September 1941. Launched on 25 August 1942 and commissioned into the Royal Canadian Navy as <em>HMCS Haida<\/em> on 30 August 1943. Her first commanding officer, Captain H.G. DeWolf, reported to the British Home Fleet at Scapa Flow in October of the same year. Through much of her first year, the Haida served as a convoy escort, shepherding and defending merchant vessels between the UK and Russia. In 1944, she was retasked to the 10th Destroyer Flotilla, serving with Operation Tunnel and Hostile, sweeping the UK and French coasts for enemy vessels. On the night of 28 April 1944, she was serving alongside the <em>HMCS Athabaskan<\/em> and engaged a pair of German Elbing-Class Torpedo boats. During the engagement, Athabaskan was torpedoed and began to sink; the <em>Haida<\/em>, after forcing one of the torpedo boats to run aground, turned attention to the survivors of Athabaskan, recovering forty-four, while the remaining sailors were captured as prisoners of war. The <em>Haida<\/em> continued to provide naval coverage in the weeks leading up to Operation Overlord and the D-Day landings. She continued to serve and engage enemy ships and shore emplacements through the rest of 1944, notably being heavily damaged in August 1944 when a shell exploded inside one of the turrets, taking it out of action. She departed for Halifax in the fall of 1944 for refit. During the refit, she was outfitted with improved radar systems and returned to Scapa Flow in January 1945, where she began escort duties in the far north. Following the German surrender in May 1945, <em>Haida<\/em>, as part of the 5th Escort Group, took custody of captured U-Boats in Trondheim. She then returned to Halifax for refit for service in the planned invasion of the Japanese home islands, but after the surrender in August, the work was suspended. <em>Haida<\/em> was placed on inactive reserve for a year, returned to service in 1947, and received updated radar, fire control, and weapons systems. Much of the early Cold War operations involved anti-submarine patrols off the east coast and training exercises. When the Korean war started on 25 June 1950, Haida was refit as a destroyer escort for service in the theatre as part of wider UN operations. During the conflict, <em>Haida<\/em> provided escort duties, aircraft screening, and shelled land targets. During these operations, <em>Haida<\/em> became a part of the train buster club after destroying a North Korean train near Riwon. In all, <em>Haida<\/em> did two tours during the Korean War before returning to Halifax for anti-submarine patrols under NATO in the North Atlantic and West Indies. By the end of the decade, age was catching up, and extensive damage was found throughout the hull. Her final assignment was a goodwill tour through the St. Lawrence and the Great Lakes before being placed in Category C reserve, with plans for scrapping announced in 1964.<\/p>\n<p><figure style=\"width: 1024px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a data-flickr-embed=\"true\" href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/axle81401\/55424518787\/in\/dateposted-public\/\" title=\"HMCS Haida | July 2025\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/live.staticflickr.com\/65535\/55424518787_5092fd669b_b.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"684\" alt=\"HMCS Haida | July 2025\"\/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\"><script async src=\"\/\/embedr.flickr.com\/assets\/client-code.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script>The Main Radio Room, it is still a functioning HAM Radio Station, and uses a lot of original equipment to the 1950s.<br \/>\nNikon D750 &#8211; AF Nikkor 20mm 1:2.8D<\/figcaption><\/figure><figure style=\"width: 1024px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a data-flickr-embed=\"true\" href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/axle81401\/55425487456\/in\/dateposted-public\/\" title=\"HMCS Haida | July 2025\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/live.staticflickr.com\/65535\/55425487456_9d3d3e4bef_b.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"684\" alt=\"HMCS Haida | July 2025\"\/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\"><script async src=\"\/\/embedr.flickr.com\/assets\/client-code.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script>The Transmitting Room, this is where data is fed into the gunnery clock to allow for aiming of the 4&#8243; guns.<br \/>\nNikon D750 &#8211; AF Nikkor 20mm 1:2.8D<\/figcaption><\/figure><figure style=\"width: 1024px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a data-flickr-embed=\"true\" href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/axle81401\/55425614358\/in\/dateposted-public\/\" title=\"HMCS Haida | July 2025\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/live.staticflickr.com\/65535\/55425614358_632a3f19c9_b.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"684\" alt=\"HMCS Haida | July 2025\"\/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\"><script async src=\"\/\/embedr.flickr.com\/assets\/client-code.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script>A 1951 addition a twin-mount 3&#8243; Mk.33 radar controlled gun for air and surface targets.<br \/>\nNikon D750 &#8211; AF Nikkor 20mm 1:2.8D<\/figcaption><\/figure><figure style=\"width: 1024px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a data-flickr-embed=\"true\" href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/axle81401\/55425660164\/in\/dateposted-public\/\" title=\"HMCS Haida | July 2025\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/live.staticflickr.com\/65535\/55425660164_bf262436b2_b.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"684\" alt=\"HMCS Haida | July 2025\"\/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\"><script async src=\"\/\/embedr.flickr.com\/assets\/client-code.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script>One of the four 40mm Boffors Anti-Aircraft single mounts.<br \/>\nNikon D750 &#8211; AF Nikkor 20mm 1:2.8D<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/p>\n<p>As soon as plans for the destruction of <em>Haida<\/em> were announced, a local group, Haida Inc raised 20,000 in capital to purchase the destroyer with plans for restoration as a museum ship. After the Navy prepared the ship, she was towed to a shipyard in Quebec, then a skeleton crew from <em>HMCS York<\/em> and a pair of tugboats towed her to Toronto for work to begin. She was officially turned over on 25 August 1964 with Vice-Admiral H.G. DeWolf (Ret.), Rear-Admiral Robert Welland, and Commodore John Charles in attendance. The Haida opened to the public in 1965, originally planned as the centrepiece of a larger memorial park; Haida Inc. ran into financial trouble and turned over ownership to the City of Toronto in 1970. The city relocated the ship to Ontario Place. Throughout the 1980s and 1990s, funding for maintenance from the Provincial government declined, and in 1998, Parks Canada announced that it would cost $ 5 million to restore and preserve Haida. If the work was not completed, Haida would have only five years left. Then Minister of Canadian Heritage Sheila Copps advocated for the purchase of Haida by Parks Canada, and in 2001 the deal was done. A channel was dug to allow the Haida to be moved out from Ontario Place, and she departed on 11 December 2002 for restoration work at Port Weller. She was returned to Hamilton on 30 August 2003 (60th anniversary of her commissioning) with 10,000 spectators, multiple civilian boats, <em>HMCS Glace Bay<\/em> and <em>HMCS Shawinigan<\/em> providing a five-gun salute. Since then, she has been twinned with the Polish destroyer <em>ORP B\u0142yskawica<\/em> (both ships served in the 10th Destroyer Flotilla) and has been visited by King Charles III with Queen Camilla (then as Prince of Wales and Duchess of Cornwall), inducted into the World Ship Trust by Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh and underwent extensive repair work in 2016. In February 2018, she was named ceremonial flagship of the Royal Canadian Navy. Today she still lies alongside Pier 9 in Hamilton, Ontario.<\/p>\n<p><strong>HMCS Sackville<\/strong><br \/>\nI&#8217;ll admit, the <em>HMCS Sackville<\/em> was not on my radar when I visited Halifax. My primary goal during my time in the city was strictly related to the War of 1812. I happened across it walking to a cemetery on the other side of the city from the Museum I had just visited and decided on a whim to check it out. Now I don&#8217;t have as many photos of the <em>Sackville<\/em> as the other ships in this entry, mostly because she&#8217;s so small. And to think that she sailed in the North Atlantic in the winter.<\/p>\n<p><figure style=\"width: 1024px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a data-flickr-embed=\"true\" href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/axle81401\/29892441583\/in\/album-72157669428699374\" title=\"K181\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/live.staticflickr.com\/5694\/29892441583_48d3eb0e06_b.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"1024\" alt=\"K181\"\/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\"><script async src=\"\/\/embedr.flickr.com\/assets\/client-code.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script>The HMCS Sackville, K181 a Flower Class Corvette.<br \/>\nHasselblad 500c &#8211; Carl Zeiss Planar 80mm 1:2.8 &#8211; Fuji Provia 100F @ ASA-100 &#8211; Unicolor Rapid E-6 Kit<\/figcaption><\/figure><figure style=\"width: 1024px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a data-flickr-embed=\"true\" href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/axle81401\/28733706890\/in\/album-72157669428699374\" title=\"BL 4&quot; Gun Mk. IX\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/live.staticflickr.com\/8343\/28733706890_45407734fb_b.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" alt=\"BL 4&quot; Gun Mk. IX\"\/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\"><script async src=\"\/\/embedr.flickr.com\/assets\/client-code.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script>The main gun aboard, a single 4 pound Mk.IX gun. This was paired with 2 pound Mk.VIII QF gun.<br \/>\nSony a6000 &#8211; Sony E PZ 16-50mm 1:3.5-5.6 OSS<\/figcaption><\/figure><figure style=\"width: 1024px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a data-flickr-embed=\"true\" href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/axle81401\/28399714254\/in\/album-72157669428699374\" title=\"Mk. 3 Hedgehog\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/live.staticflickr.com\/8274\/28399714254_964b830236_b.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" alt=\"Mk. 3 Hedgehog\"\/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\"><script async src=\"\/\/embedr.flickr.com\/assets\/client-code.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script>A Mk.3 Hedgehog or Anti-Submarine Projector, these fired a series of mortar rounds to attack enemy submarines, the rounds detonating on contact with the hull making them deadly.<br \/>\nSony a6000 &#8211; Sony E PZ 16-50mm 1:3.5-5.6 OSS<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/p>\n<p>The Flower-Class, or Gladiolus-Class, are corvette-type warships used in World War Two, based on the design of the <em>Southern Pride<\/em>, a whaler, for use as convoy protection and anti-submarine vessels. Because of an existing hull, the design was rapidly militarised in 1939, with the Royal Navy launching the first vessels that same year. In early 1940, the keel of Patrol Vessel 2 was laid down at the Saint John Shipbuilding and Drydock Co in Saint John, New Brunswick and was launched as <em>HMCS Sackville<\/em> on 15 May 1941 and officially commissioned on 30 December 1941 under the command of Lieutenant W.R. Kirkland but he did not join the ship until 2 January 1942. However, Lieutenant Kirkland was discharged in March 1942 as unsuitable after a poor working-up trip to Newfoundland. Fellow officers reported that he was abusive to his fellow officers and crew. After rescuing the survivors from the sunken Greek ship <em>Lily<\/em>, the ship was unable to relocate to her assigned convoy. At this point, the first Lieutenant relieved Kirkland of duty and took command. Upon returning to Halifax, Lieutenant-Commander Alan H. Easton and the already trained crew of the <em>HMCS Baddeck<\/em> were drafted to the Sackville on 2 April 1942. During this time, she was equipped with a Canadian-made SW1C radar. On 15 May 1942, <em>Sackville<\/em>, <em>HMCS Galt<\/em>, and <em>HMCS Wetaskiwin<\/em> were assigned to mid-ocean escort duties. During this time, <em>Sackville<\/em> engaged in several engagements in the defence of their convoys. Sackville even managed to land depth charge and deck gun shots on several German U-Boats. She returned to Halifax for a refit in January 1943, returned to service in April of the same year, and continued to serve until 1944 before another round of refits in Galveston, Texas. During that summer, the boiler cleaning revealed extensive leaks, and it was no longer fit for escort service. While initially planned to be used as a training ship, she was refit for use laying anti-submarine loops. Following the end of this service, she was laid up in reserve in April 1946. The <em>Sackville<\/em> did see a second lease in life as a civilian vessel, being reactivated in 1952. She was converted into a research vessel for the Department of Marine and Fisheries. Her armaments were removed, the hull repainted black, a laboratory was built on the aft superstructure and the bridge was enclosed. She served in this role until July 1982. <\/p>\n<p><figure style=\"width: 1024px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a data-flickr-embed=\"true\" href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/axle81401\/28399706674\/in\/album-72157669428699374\" title=\"Signal Lamp\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/live.staticflickr.com\/8458\/28399706674_24f348b7f7_b.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" alt=\"Signal Lamp\"\/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\"><script async src=\"\/\/embedr.flickr.com\/assets\/client-code.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script>Ship&#8217;s could use signal lamps to send messages across to each other without a radio.<br \/>\nSony a6000 &#8211; Sony E PZ 16-50mm 1:3.5-5.6 OSS<\/figcaption><\/figure><figure style=\"width: 1024px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a data-flickr-embed=\"true\" href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/axle81401\/28399704474\/in\/album-72157669428699374\" title=\"Mk.II depth charge throwers\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/live.staticflickr.com\/8031\/28399704474_2d3dfd4d8e_b.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"1024\" alt=\"Mk.II depth charge throwers\"\/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\"><script async src=\"\/\/embedr.flickr.com\/assets\/client-code.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script>A Mk. 2 Depth charge thrower, these bombs could be set for specific depths and relied on a concussion blast to damage enemy submarines.<br \/>\nSony a6000 &#8211; Sony E PZ 16-50mm 1:3.5-5.6 OSS<\/figcaption><\/figure><figure style=\"width: 1024px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a data-flickr-embed=\"true\" href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/axle81401\/28987165246\/in\/album-72157669428699374\" title=\"The Engine Room\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/live.staticflickr.com\/7482\/28987165246_b567bb12d0_b.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" alt=\"The Engine Room\"\/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\"><script async src=\"\/\/embedr.flickr.com\/assets\/client-code.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script>The main powerplant aboard Sackville a single 4-cyl. triple expansion steam engine, 2,750 hp.<br \/>\nSony a6000 &#8211; Sony E PZ 16-50mm 1:3.5-5.6 OSS<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/p>\n<p>By the early 1980s, most of the Flower-Class Corvettes had either been long-scrapped or transferred to other navies planning to scrap the vessels. Two former Royal Canadian Navy corvettes had been sold to the Dominican Republic: <em>HMCS Louisburg<\/em> and<em> HMCS Lachute<\/em>, which were recommissioned as <em>Juan Alejandro Acosta<\/em> and <em>Cristobal Colon<\/em>, respectively. The trouble was that both these ships had been wrecked in Hurricane David in 1979. This left <em>Sackville<\/em> as the only surviving Flower-class ship in the world. The ship was transferred in 1983 and restored to her appearance in 1944. With only minor changes, as restoring her to her 1942 appearance would have cost the trust more. Due to her age and size, she is open to the public safely in the summer months and in winter at CFB Halifax. In September 2003, she broke free of her moorings during Hurricane Juan and rammed the schooner <em>Larinda<\/em>. The owners sued the trust in 2009, but a Nova Scotia Supreme Court ruling showed that the trust had taken all precautions to secure <em>Sackville<\/em>. Since then, she has been the centrepiece of memorials to the Battle of the Atlantic; she hosts veterans of the Royal Canadian Navy and participates in burials at sea. In 2018, she underwent extensive repairs and restorations at CFB Halifax, and on 26 May 2026, she was recommissioned into the Royal Canadian Navy as a ceremonial vessel.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Battleship Texas<\/strong><br \/>\nNext to visiting a friend and going to see the Johnson Space Center in Houston, the third reason for visiting Galveston, Texas, is to visit the Battleship <em>Texas<\/em>. I first learned about dreadnoughts in my Grade 10 history class, but even back then I never knew that there was one of that class of ships still surviving, and that it was in North America. Remember, at the time the Internet wasn&#8217;t too much of a thing yet, and my library&#8217;s selection of World War One naval history was sadly limited.<\/p>\n<p><figure style=\"width: 1024px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a data-flickr-embed=\"true\" href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/axle81401\/15519722119\/\" title=\"52:320TXP - Week 44 - Dreadnought\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/live.staticflickr.com\/7503\/15519722119_2ec68fb653_b.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"830\" alt=\"52:320TXP - Week 44 - Dreadnought\"\/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\"><script async src=\"\/\/embedr.flickr.com\/assets\/client-code.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script>A head on shot of the mighty USS Texas, the second-oldest warship I&#8217;ve visited.<br \/>\nPacemaker Crown Graphic &#8211; Schneider-Kruznack Symmar-S 1:5.6\/210 &#8211; Kodak Tri-X Pan @ ASA-250 &#8211; PMK Pyro (1+2+100) 10:30 @ 24C<\/figcaption><\/figure><figure style=\"width: 1024px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a data-flickr-embed=\"true\" href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/axle81401\/15973306704\/\" title=\"USS Texas BB-35\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/live.staticflickr.com\/7400\/15973306704_cd568526b1_b.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"806\" alt=\"USS Texas BB-35\"\/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\"><script async src=\"\/\/embedr.flickr.com\/assets\/client-code.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script>More of a three-quarter&#8217;s view of the dreadnought.<br \/>\nGraflex Crown Graphic &#8211; Schneider-Krueznack Angulon 1:6,8\/90 &#8211; Fuji Provia 100F @ ASA-100 &#8211; Processing By: Bor\u00e9alis Laboratoire Photo<\/figcaption><\/figure><figure style=\"width: 1024px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a data-flickr-embed=\"true\" href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/axle81401\/15150318963\/\" title=\"USS Texas BB-35\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/live.staticflickr.com\/7528\/15150318963_7893752808_b.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"680\" alt=\"USS Texas BB-35\"\/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\"><script async src=\"\/\/embedr.flickr.com\/assets\/client-code.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script>The main battery of the Texas is five twin-mount 14&#8243; guns.<br \/>\nNikon D300 &#8211; AF-S Nikkor 14-24mm 1:2.8G<\/figcaption><\/figure><figure style=\"width: 1024px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a data-flickr-embed=\"true\" href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/axle81401\/15584315578\/\" title=\"USS Texas BB-35\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/live.staticflickr.com\/7492\/15584315578_073b4d19de_b.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"680\" alt=\"USS Texas BB-35\"\/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\"><script async src=\"\/\/embedr.flickr.com\/assets\/client-code.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script>The 40mm Bofors Anti-Aircraft guns, the Texas had ten quad mount batteries.<br \/>\nNikon D300 &#8211; AF-S Nikkor 14-24mm 1:2.8G<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/p>\n<p>The New York-Class Battleship grew out of the US Navy&#8217;s need to build larger battleships in the growing arms race that pre-dated World War I. The Newport Conference of 1908 produced a new method of designing battleships and saw the General Board taking a more active role in the design phases. Like other dreadnought battleships, the weapons were focused on a smaller number of large-calibre guns; for the New York-Class, these are the 14-inch main guns, five twin-mount batteries. Newport News Shipbuilding was awarded the contract on 17 December 1910, and the keel was laid down on 17 April 1911. <em>USS Texas<\/em> was launched on 18 May 1912 and officially commissioned into the US Navy on 12 March 1914 with Captain Albert W. Grant commanding. She then spent time at the New York Navy Yard, where her fire control systems were installed. Unlike other ships, <em>Texas<\/em> did not have the pleasure of a shakedown cruise and instead steamed towards the Gulf of Mexico to support US naval operations there after the Tampico Affair. <em>Texas<\/em> joined Rear Admiral Fletcher&#8217;s force off Veracruz on 26 May 1914 and remained in Gulf waters for two months. She returned to New York and joined the Navy&#8217;s Atlantic Fleet on 6 September, eventually returning to the Gulf of Mexico as a station ship at Tuxpan. On 25 May 1915, <em>Texas<\/em>, along with three other battleships, rescued passengers from the liner Ryndam, which had been rammed by a freighter. As unrestricted sub-warfare began to threaten the American coast, <em>Texas<\/em> would take part in drills and training off the American East Coast. When the United States (finally) entered World War I on 6 April 1917, <em>Texas<\/em> would be the first American ship to fire during the war, preventing a German U-Boat attack against the merchant vessel Mongolia. She continued to train through the remainder of 1917 and arrived at Scapa Flow on 11 February 1918. She was assigned to the British Grand Fleet&#8217;s 6th Battle Squadron. Much of her service during World War I consisted of convoy protection and blockade duties in the North Sea. Much of her service in World War I involved little to no combat operations, as neither the Royal nor the German Navies sought to engage in major actions after Jutland. Texas returned to the United States on 26 December 1918. After refit, <em>Texas<\/em> rejoined Atlantic fleet duties in 1919, becoming the first American battleship to launch an aeroplane. The interwar years were filled with training missions, refits, retrofits, and escort duties. <em>Texas<\/em>, along with other US Navy vessels, began neutrality patrols when the war in Europe started in 1939 in an attempt to keep the war out of the American sphere. During these patrols, <em>Texas<\/em> routinely intercepted German U-Boats. With the start of lend-lease, <em>Texas<\/em> found herself again on convoy duty, and Admiral Ernest J. King hoisted his flag aboard <em>Texas<\/em> with the reformation of the Atlantic Fleet on 1 February 1941. When the United States (finally) entered the war in December 1941, <em>Texas<\/em> began convoy duty in January 1942, then continued patrol duties until March before returning to the US. Over the course of the early war, <em>Texas<\/em> saw additional refits and adjustments as the war changed. She escorted troop ships to the Panama Canal and screened troops off Africa. It wasn&#8217;t until 23 October 1942 that <em>Texas<\/em> saw her first major combat engagement with Operation Torch, the invasion of North Africa. <em>Texas<\/em> fired on Vichy French ammunition dumps near Port Lyautey with additional fire missions in November. Texas returned to regular convoy duties through 1943 and into 1944. On 22 April 1944, she put into the Clyde estuary to begin training for Operation Overlord. <em>Texas<\/em> would steam in support of the Omaha landings as the bombardment force flagship supporting the 29th Infantry along with the 2nd and 5th Rangers. Texas would continue to support the invasion of Europe with the bombardment of Cherbourg on 25 June and Operation Dragoon on 15 August. She returned to New York on 14 September for repairs, refit and rearmament. From there she steamed for the Panama Canal to head into the Pacific Theatre, arriving off Iwo Jima on 16 February 1945 and began firing on Japanese fortifications for three days in the lead-up to the landings, then continued to provide fire support to Marines during the invasion of the island. <em>Texas<\/em> then steamed to Okinawa, beginning pre-invasion bombardment on 26 March. During this bombardment, she stayed at general quarters for fifty days due to the continuing threat of kamikaze attacks, departing Okinawa on 14 May and arriving at Leyte on 17 May. Following the end of the war on 15 August, <em>Texas<\/em> began providing transportation for returning troops as part of Operation Magic Carpet. Returning to Norfolk on 13 February 1946 and placed on reserve in Baltimore on 18 June.<\/p>\n<p><figure style=\"width: 1024px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a data-flickr-embed=\"true\" href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/axle81401\/15746029436\/\" title=\"USS Texas BB-35\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/live.staticflickr.com\/5602\/15746029436_25dce936db_b.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"680\" alt=\"USS Texas BB-35\"\/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\"><script async src=\"\/\/embedr.flickr.com\/assets\/client-code.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script>The Electrical Shop.<br \/>\nNikon D300 &#8211; AF-S Nikkor 14-24mm 1:2.8G<\/figcaption><\/figure><figure style=\"width: 1024px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a data-flickr-embed=\"true\" href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/axle81401\/15584309348\/\" title=\"USS Texas BB-35\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/live.staticflickr.com\/5611\/15584309348_8345d4e932_b.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"680\" alt=\"USS Texas BB-35\"\/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\"><script async src=\"\/\/embedr.flickr.com\/assets\/client-code.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script>The rather cramped Combat Information Center.<br \/>\nNikon D300 &#8211; AF-S Nikkor 14-24mm 1:2.8G<\/figcaption><\/figure><figure style=\"width: 1024px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a data-flickr-embed=\"true\" href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/axle81401\/15584566107\/\" title=\"USS Texas BB-35\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/live.staticflickr.com\/7569\/15584566107_dcc67546ee_b.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"680\" alt=\"USS Texas BB-35\"\/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\"><script async src=\"\/\/embedr.flickr.com\/assets\/client-code.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script>The main galley.<br \/>\nNikon D300 &#8211; AF-S Nikkor 14-24mm 1:2.8G<\/figcaption><\/figure><figure style=\"width: 1024px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a data-flickr-embed=\"true\" href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/axle81401\/15204323833\/\" title=\"USS Texas BB-35\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/live.staticflickr.com\/7513\/15204323833_4e74b9f374_b.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"750\" alt=\"USS Texas BB-35\"\/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\"><script async src=\"\/\/embedr.flickr.com\/assets\/client-code.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script>One of the older 3&#8243; anti-aircraft guns.<br \/>\nPentax 645 &#8211; SMC Pentax A 645 35mm 1:3.5 &#8211; Ilford Delta 400 @ ASA-200 &#8211; Kodak TMax (1+4) 6:00 @ 20C<br \/>\nNikon D300 &#8211; AF-S Nikkor 14-24mm 1:2.8G<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/p>\n<p>The Texas Legislature established the Battleship Texas Commission on 17 April 1947 to care for the ship, with the first task being to raise the needed funds to tow the ship from Baltimore to San Jacinto. The commission quickly raised the funds, and <em>Texas<\/em> began her journey on 17 March 1948, arriving at her new home at San Jacinto State Park on 20 April. She was decommissioned, and her name struck from the Naval Vessel Register on 30 April 1948, becoming the first permanent battleship memorial museum in the US. (Technically the second, USS Oregon was displayed as a museum in Portland, Oregon from 1925 to 41, but it was removed and scrapped in 1956). She was then recommissioned as the flagship of the ceremonial Texas Navy. The old ship required far more attention than the commission could fund; by 1968, the main wooden deck was rotted through, paint was cracking and peeling, rust was everywhere, and water intrusion was a serious concern. The commission made a quick fix by removing the wooden deck and replacing it with concrete, but even that was a Band-Aid solution. In 1971, three local charitable institutions provided the needed funds to sandblast and repaint the hull. Despite being designated a national landmark, the Commission was unable to maintain the ship and turned it over to the Texas Parks and Wildlife Department in 1983; the Legislature dissolved the Commission. A naval architect was retained to survey the ship and determine the costs and actions needed to preserve it. On 13 December 1988, <em>Texas<\/em> left her berth with great difficulty and was towed to Todd Shipyards for restoration and repair work. She would leave Todd on 24 February 1990 for Brown &#038; Root for further repair. During this period, she was restored to her appearance as she appeared during the Pacific service in 1945. Texas returned to San Jacinto on 8 September 1990. In 2004, it was again necessary to examine how Texas was berthed, with the goal of creating a permanent dry berth. It wouldn&#8217;t be until 26 October 2010 that a contract was signed to design and develop such a berth. But trouble in securing funds resulted in the project being pushed further back. On 28 May 2019, the Texas would undergo a massive repair and restoration job and move further up the coast due to a decline in visitors. The Texas was closed to the public. Work on repairs commenced on 31 August 2022 at Gulf Gopper Dry Dock &#038; Rig Repair. In 2025, a new home at Pier 15 in Galveston was approved as the new home for <em>Texas<\/em> and on 18 May 2026, she fired blank charges from her main guns, the first time an American battleship had fired since 1991. While she remains under repair today, tours are offered, with plans to reopen in 2027.<\/p>\n<p><strong>USS Intrepid<\/strong><br \/>\nWhile I wasn&#8217;t able to include the <em>USS Yorktown<\/em>, I can at least include one aircraft carrier in this entry: the <em>USS Intrepid<\/em>. I&#8217;ve had the pleasure of visiting this massive museum in New York City twice. And the best part is that this isn&#8217;t the only attraction; you&#8217;ll see the other boat included in the next section.<\/p>\n<p><figure style=\"width: 1024px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a data-flickr-embed=\"true\" href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/axle81401\/6333999593\/in\/album-72157628103990464\" title=\"The Intrepid\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/live.staticflickr.com\/6050\/6333999593_a8c864b114_b.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"680\" alt=\"The Intrepid\"\/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\"><script async src=\"\/\/embedr.flickr.com\/assets\/client-code.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script>I had forgotten how big US Aircraft Carriers are, but man the Intrepid cut a massive figure against the sky.<br \/>\nNikon D300 &#8211; AF-S Nikkor 14-24mm 1:2.8G<\/figcaption><\/figure><figure style=\"width: 1024px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a data-flickr-embed=\"true\" href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/axle81401\/6334783386\/in\/album-72157628103990464\" title=\"_DSC7548-Edit\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/live.staticflickr.com\/6224\/6334783386_dc6f0019ce_b.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"680\" alt=\"_DSC7548-Edit\"\/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\"><script async src=\"\/\/embedr.flickr.com\/assets\/client-code.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script>The Bell of the USS Intrepid when she was commissioned.<br \/>\nNikon D300 &#8211; AF-S Nikkor 14-24mm 1:2.8G<\/figcaption><\/figure><figure style=\"width: 1024px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a data-flickr-embed=\"true\" href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/axle81401\/6340754069\/in\/album-72157628103990464\" title=\"The Bridge\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/live.staticflickr.com\/6239\/6340754069_8235717268_b.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"680\" alt=\"The Bridge\"\/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\"><script async src=\"\/\/embedr.flickr.com\/assets\/client-code.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script>The main bridge of the Intrepid.<br \/>\nNikon D300 &#8211; AF-S Nikkor 14-24mm 1:2.8G<\/figcaption><\/figure><figure style=\"width: 1024px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a data-flickr-embed=\"true\" href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/axle81401\/6340761513\/in\/album-72157628103990464\" title=\"Teh Captain&#x27;s Sea Cabin\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/live.staticflickr.com\/6107\/6340761513_8a59243777_b.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"680\" alt=\"Teh Captain&#x27;s Sea Cabin\"\/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\"><script async src=\"\/\/embedr.flickr.com\/assets\/client-code.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script>The Captain&#8217;s Sea Cabin &#8211; The cabin which the commanding officer occupies when the ship is underway and at sea.<br \/>\nNikon D300 &#8211; AF-S Nikkor 14-24mm 1:2.8G<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/p>\n<p>Development of the Essex-Class aircraft carrier began in 1941 as a replacement for the older Yorktown-Class. The main focus was to carry a larger air arm and apply lessons learned from the older designs. While the US Navy initially ordered three of the new carriers on 3 July 1940, by September, an additional eight had been ordered. This was increased to nineteen after the attack on Pearl Harbor on 7 December 1941. The keel of <em>USS Intrepid<\/em> was laid on 1 December 1941 at Newport News Shipbuilding; she was launched on 26 April 1943 as the fifth of her class. She was commissioned on 16 August 1943 with Captain Thomas L. Sprague in command and headed to the Caribbean for shakedown and training. Following the cruise, she departed for Pearl Harbor on 3 December 1943, arriving there on 10 January 1944. <em>Intrepid<\/em> was assigned to Fast Carrier Task Force, TF58 and participated in the island-hopping campaign, raiding across the islands of the Kwajalein Atoll from 29 January to 2 February, destroying all Japanese air power during the campaign. The air wing supported the Marine landings during the Battle of Kwajalein. She then participated in Operation Hailstone against the main Japanese naval base in the Central Pacific at Truk Lagoon, sinking two destroyers and many merchant vessels. Although a Japanese counterattack jammed the rudder and caused flooding, after jury-rigging repairs, Intrepid steamed for Pearl and from there to San Francisco. She returned to the theatre, joining Admiral William Halsey Jr, conducting air strikes against Japanese forces on Peleliu in the lead-up to the ground invasion, then onto Mindanao and the Visayan Sea to conduct attacks on Japanese bases in the region before returning to Peleliu to provide needed cover for the Marines engaged with the Japanese. Through October, the air wing aboard <em>Intrepid<\/em> continued to strike positions throughout the Philippines, Formosa, and Okinawa, and was part of the Battle of Leyte Gulf. Planes from <em>Intrepid<\/em> are also credited with the sinking of the Japanese battleship <em>Musashi<\/em>. In late October, kamikaze attacks on <em>Intrepid<\/em> killed close to eighty sailors and caused serious damage throughout the ship, forcing her to sail for San Francisco for repairs to round out 1944. <em>Intrepid<\/em> returned to service in February 1945 and returned to combat duties by March. She participated in attacks on airfields on Ky\u016bsh\u016b and the remains of the Imperial Japanese Navy anchored at Kure. Then turned towards Okinawa, where the air wing conducted strikes against Japanese emplacements and then provided air cover for the landings. These weren&#8217;t without incident, and <em>Intrepid<\/em> was damaged, but thanks to her crew, she was back in action to support the air wing. She again returned to San Francisco for repairs, in time to see the end of the war in August 1945, then moved on to support the occupation of Japan, staying there until 2 December, returning to San Pedro on 15 December. <em>Intrepid&#8217;s<\/em> status was returned to commissioned on reserve on 4 February 1946 and was fully decommissioned on 22 March 1947, becoming a part of the Pacific Reserve Fleet. On 9 February 1952, <em>Intrepid<\/em> was recommissioned, received the SCB-27C conversion to operate jet aircraft, and was reclassified as CVA-11. She was placed in reserve on 18 Jun 1954, becoming the first aircraft carrier to launch aircraft using an American-made steam catapult, and returned to the US Navy fleet on 15 October 1954. She undertook her shakedown cruise in 1955 and deployed with the 6th Fleet to the Mediterranean. Returning to Norfolk at the end of September for the SCB-125 modernisation upgrade, which added the now iconic angled flight deck. She returned to service in 1957, participating in NATO exercises and studies on how wind affects aircraft operations, alternating her service between the US Atlantic coast and the Mediterranean. <em>Intrepid<\/em> was reclassified on 8 December 1961 as CVS-11 for anti-submarine warfare and was upgraded at Norfolk through the spring of 1962. Following her upgrades, she participated in training missions, the recovery of NASA astronaut Scott Carpenter and the Mercury capsule Aurora 7, the tracking of the Venezuelan freighter <em>Anzo\u00e1tegui<\/em>, and the tracking of Soviet task groups. During these operations, she earned a coveted Battle Efficiency &#8220;E&#8221; for her roles. In 1965, Intrepid recovered Lieutenant-Commander John Young and Major Gus Grissom aboard the <em>Molly Brown<\/em>, ending the Gemini 3 mission. Through the rest of 1965, <em>Intrepid<\/em> again underwent a modernisation overhaul before being deployed to support the Vietnam War, conducting three deployments between 1966 and 1969. <em>Intrepid<\/em> earned a reputation for a quick turnaround in carrier launches, launching a plane every 26 seconds. In 1969, she returned to Naval Air Station Quonset Point, Rhode Island, relieving <em>USS Yorktown<\/em> as the flagship for Carrier Division 16. She continued to operate on the North Atlantic and Mediterranean, supporting NATO operations through the region. She was officially decommissioned for the final time on 15 March 1974.<\/p>\n<p><figure style=\"width: 1024px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a data-flickr-embed=\"true\" href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/axle81401\/33740057124\/\" title=\"USS Intrepid - CV-11\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/live.staticflickr.com\/4188\/33740057124_9f6df90be0_b.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" alt=\"USS Intrepid - CV-11\"\/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\"><script async src=\"\/\/embedr.flickr.com\/assets\/client-code.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script>The Pilot&#8217;s Ready Room, this is where mission briefings were held.<br \/>\nSony a6000 + Sony E PZ 16-50mm 1:3.5-5.6 OSS<\/figcaption><\/figure><figure style=\"width: 1024px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a data-flickr-embed=\"true\" href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/axle81401\/34421306922\/\" title=\"USS Intrepid - CV-11\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/live.staticflickr.com\/4180\/34421306922_df3727e9e1_b.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" alt=\"USS Intrepid - CV-11\"\/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\"><script async src=\"\/\/embedr.flickr.com\/assets\/client-code.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script>Part of the flight control deck for the Intrepid.<br \/>\nSony a6000 + Sony E PZ 16-50mm 1:3.5-5.6 OSS<\/figcaption><\/figure><figure style=\"width: 1024px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a data-flickr-embed=\"true\" href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/axle81401\/34541777346\/\" title=\"USS Intrepid - CV-11\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/live.staticflickr.com\/4166\/34541777346_b941cc3872_b.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" alt=\"USS Intrepid - CV-11\"\/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\"><script async src=\"\/\/embedr.flickr.com\/assets\/client-code.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script>The Flight Deck has a tonne of amazing aircraft on display.<br \/>\nSony a6000 + Sony E PZ 16-50mm 1:3.5-5.6 OSS<\/figcaption><\/figure><figure style=\"width: 1024px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a data-flickr-embed=\"true\" href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/axle81401\/34421310552\/\" title=\"USS Intrepid - CV-11\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/live.staticflickr.com\/4177\/34421310552_f288961b6a_b.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" alt=\"USS Intrepid - CV-11\"\/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\"><script async src=\"\/\/embedr.flickr.com\/assets\/client-code.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script>One of the radar stations aboard the Intrepid.<br \/>\nSony a6000 + Sony E PZ 16-50mm 1:3.5-5.6 OSS<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/p>\n<p>During her service, <em>Intrepid<\/em> earned eight battle stars (five for World War II, three for Vietnam) and the Presidential Unit Citation. Along with the following decorations, Navy Unit Commendation (twice), Navy Expeditionary Meal, China Service Medal (Extended), American Campaign Medal, Asiatic-Pacific Campaign Medal, World War II Victory Medal, Navy Occupation Service Medal (Asia &#038; Europe), National Defense Service Medal (Twice), Vietnam Service Medal, Philippine Presidential Unit Citation, Republic of Vietnam Meritorious Unit Citation (Gallantry Cross Meal with Palm), Philippine Liberation Medal, Republic of Vietnam Campaign Medal. Following her decommissioning, <em>Intrepid<\/em> was moored at the Philadelphia Naval Shipyard and hosted tours for the American bicentennial celebrations through 1976. Following this, plans were to sell Intrepid as scrap; it was only through the efforts of Michael D. Piccola, president of the nonprofit Odysseys in Flight, that <em>Intrepid<\/em> was saved as a museum ship, raising the funds to have her towed to Pier 86 in New York City on the Hudson River. In August 1982, the Intrepid Air &#038; Space Museum opened to the public. <em>Intrepid<\/em> was named a National Historic Landmark in 1986. She became not only a museum, but an event space and even an FBI Command Centre following the attacks of 9 September 2001. The museum closed on 1 October 2006 to undergo a major renovation and restoration project costing $60 million. Work included dredging silt around the carrier, allowing it to be towed to Bayonne, New Jersey, for repair, and to Staten Island for renovation; it also modernised Pier 86. <em>Intrepid<\/em> reopened to the public on 8 November 2008. The most recent addition to the Intrepid is the Space Shuttle <em>Enterprise<\/em>, which arrived in June 2012 and opened to the public on 19 July 2012.<\/p>\n<p><strong>USS Growler<\/strong><br \/>\nSubmarines are strange things to visit. I&#8217;ve had the chance to visit several and tour them, all of them diesel and, until going to the Intrepid Air &#038; Space Museum, all of them of World War II vintage. But <em>USS Growler<\/em> was different; she is a unique boat thanks mainly to her capacity to launch not only cruise missiles but also pre-Polaris vertical-launch weapons.<\/p>\n<p><figure style=\"width: 1024px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a data-flickr-embed=\"true\" href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/axle81401\/6334001415\/\" title=\"The USS Growler\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/live.staticflickr.com\/6211\/6334001415_4a04094e3c_b.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"680\" alt=\"The USS Growler\"\/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\"><script async src=\"\/\/embedr.flickr.com\/assets\/client-code.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script>The USS Growler, the first missile submarine in the US Navy.<br \/>\nNikon D300 &#8211; AF-S Nikkor 14-24mm 1:2.8G<\/figcaption><\/figure><figure style=\"width: 1024px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a data-flickr-embed=\"true\" href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/axle81401\/6334000587\/\" title=\"The Regulas Missle.\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/live.staticflickr.com\/6231\/6334000587_3804660258_b.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"680\" alt=\"The Regulas Missle.\"\/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\"><script async src=\"\/\/embedr.flickr.com\/assets\/client-code.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script>The SSM-N-8 Regulus or Regulus I developed out of the V1 flying bomb, this was a submarine launched nuclear capable cruise missile deployed from 1955-64.<br \/>\nNikon D300 &#8211; AF-S Nikkor 14-24mm 1:2.8G<\/figcaption><\/figure><figure style=\"width: 1024px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a data-flickr-embed=\"true\" href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/axle81401\/34583210425\/\" title=\"USS Growler - SSG-577\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/live.staticflickr.com\/4164\/34583210425_5b00f21910_b.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" alt=\"USS Growler - SSG-577\"\/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\"><script async src=\"\/\/embedr.flickr.com\/assets\/client-code.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script>The Growler also carried conventional torpedoes with six 21&#8243; tubes, four in the front, two in the rear.<br \/>\nSony a6000 + Sony E PZ 16-50mm 1:3.5-5.6 OSS<\/figcaption><\/figure><figure style=\"width: 1024px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a data-flickr-embed=\"true\" href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/axle81401\/6334770746\/\" title=\"Let&#x27;s Drive this tub\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/live.staticflickr.com\/6227\/6334770746_70088cf888_b.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"680\" alt=\"Let&#x27;s Drive this tub\"\/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\"><script async src=\"\/\/embedr.flickr.com\/assets\/client-code.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script>It took three crew to pilot the Growler.<br \/>\nNikon D300 &#8211; AF-S Nikkor 14-24mm 1:2.8G<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/p>\n<p>The Greyback-Class of submarines was the first American class designed to carry and launch missiles rather than traditional &#8216;swim-out&#8217; weapons. These were specifically designed for the Regulus nuclear cruise missile. The US Navy ordered only two Greyback-Class Submarines. <em>USS Growler<\/em> was laid down on 15 February 1955 at Portsmouth Naval Yard and launched on 5 April 1958 and officially commissioned on 30 August 1958 with Lieutenant-Commander Charles Priest Jr in command. After training cruises, <em>Growler<\/em> headed for Roosevelt Roads Naval Station, Puerto Rico, for a shakedown cruise and then missile training with the Regulus I and Regulus II in the Caribbean. Following this training, she headed for Pearl Harbor for regular service as the flagship of Submarine Division 12. She then underwent additional training before heading out on her first deterrent mission from 12 March to 17 May 1960, carrying a full payload of nuclear-armed Regulus missiles. These patrols were carried out in secret, with the crew being in tight quarters and submerged for hours or even days at a time. Should a strike be required, <em>Growler&#8217;s<\/em> target would have been the Soviet Naval base at Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky. After May 1960, <em>Growler<\/em> conducted nine such missions through December 1963. One mission saw <em>Growler<\/em> dock at Yokosuka, Japan, in 1962 to showcase the Navy&#8217;s newest weapons system. Following her final patrol, <em>Growler<\/em> returned to Mare Island, California, for decommissioning on 25 May 1964, which placed her on reserve. She was moved to Puget Sound Naval Station, then to the Philadelphia Naval Yard, and stricken from the Naval Vessel Register on 1 August 1980.<\/p>\n<p><figure style=\"width: 1024px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a data-flickr-embed=\"true\" href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/axle81401\/34421346402\/\" title=\"USS Growler - SSG-577\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/live.staticflickr.com\/4186\/34421346402_c70ed2b20a_b.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" alt=\"USS Growler - SSG-577\"\/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\"><script async src=\"\/\/embedr.flickr.com\/assets\/client-code.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script>Looking down into the missile silos, the Growler could carry four Regulus I or two Regulus II missiles.<br \/>\nSony a6000 + Sony E PZ 16-50mm 1:3.5-5.6 OSS<\/figcaption><\/figure><figure style=\"width: 1024px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a data-flickr-embed=\"true\" href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/axle81401\/34452531591\/\" title=\"USS Growler - SSG-577\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/live.staticflickr.com\/4181\/34452531591_e7a4d6daf2_b.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" alt=\"USS Growler - SSG-577\"\/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\"><script async src=\"\/\/embedr.flickr.com\/assets\/client-code.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script>The Sonar station.<br \/>\nSony a6000 + Sony E PZ 16-50mm 1:3.5-5.6 OSS<\/figcaption><\/figure><figure style=\"width: 1024px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a data-flickr-embed=\"true\" href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/axle81401\/34541847526\/\" title=\"USS Growler - SSG-577\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/live.staticflickr.com\/4156\/34541847526_1347324113_b.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" alt=\"USS Growler - SSG-577\"\/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\"><script async src=\"\/\/embedr.flickr.com\/assets\/client-code.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script>Torpedo launch controls.<br \/>\nSony a6000 + Sony E PZ 16-50mm 1:3.5-5.6 OSS<\/figcaption><\/figure><figure style=\"width: 1024px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a data-flickr-embed=\"true\" href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/axle81401\/34583214595\/\" title=\"USS Growler - SSG-577\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/live.staticflickr.com\/4166\/34583214595_0e079ec576_b.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" alt=\"USS Growler - SSG-577\"\/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\"><script async src=\"\/\/embedr.flickr.com\/assets\/client-code.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script>The Growler was powered by three Fairbanks-Morse Diesel engines.<br \/>\nSony a6000 + Sony E PZ 16-50mm 1:3.5-5.6 OSS<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/p>\n<p>The original plan was to use her as a torpedo target, but on 8 August 1988, Congress awarded the hulk to Zachary Fisher, then chairman of the Intrepid Air &#038; Space Museum. She was then restored to her original configuration and opened to the public in May 1987, complete with a Regulus I missile. During the museum&#8217;s overall renovations between 2006 and 2009, <em>Growler<\/em> underwent hull repairs in Brooklyn to fix rust-caused holes, and Growler reopened to the public on 21 May 2009. Today, she is the only nuclear-armed submarine on display to the public.<\/p>\n<p><strong>USS Joseph P. Kennedy Jr<\/strong><br \/>\nDestroyers are interesting ships, and probably the ones I have seen the most in museums. What&#8217;s interesting about the <em>USS Joseph P. Kennedy Jr.<\/em> is that, unlike most destroyers I&#8217;ve visited, this one saw no service in World War II; she saw service only during the Cold War. <\/p>\n<p><figure style=\"width: 1024px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a data-flickr-embed=\"true\" href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/axle81401\/7819675802\/in\/album-72157630593138748\" title=\"BattleShip Cove\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/live.staticflickr.com\/8440\/7819675802_9ce50d330d_b.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"680\" alt=\"BattleShip Cove\"\/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\"><script async src=\"\/\/embedr.flickr.com\/assets\/client-code.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script>The USS Joseph P. Kennedy Jr, named for a naval aviator, is a Gearing Class Destroyer.<br \/>\nNikon FM2n &#8211; AI-S Nikkor 50mm 1:1.8 &#8211; Agfa APX25 @ ASA-25 &#8211; Blazinal 1+25 7:00 @ 20C<\/figcaption><\/figure><figure style=\"width: 1024px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a data-flickr-embed=\"true\" href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/axle81401\/7578117868\/in\/album-72157630593138748\" title=\"USS Joseph P. Kennedy Jr - DD-850\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/live.staticflickr.com\/8161\/7578117868_6ac494b4ce_b.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"680\" alt=\"USS Joseph P. Kennedy Jr - DD-850\"\/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\"><script async src=\"\/\/embedr.flickr.com\/assets\/client-code.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script>A Twin-Mount 5&#8243; 38-Caliber Gun, the Joseph P. Kennedy Jr is armed with two, one in the forward the other in the rear.<br \/>\nNikon D300 &#8211; AF-S Nikkor 14-24mm 1:2.8G<\/figcaption><\/figure><figure style=\"width: 1024px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a data-flickr-embed=\"true\" href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/axle81401\/7578126652\/in\/album-72157630593138748\" title=\"USS Joseph P. Kennedy Jr - DD-850\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/live.staticflickr.com\/7131\/7578126652_950547297f_b.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"680\" alt=\"USS Joseph P. Kennedy Jr - DD-850\"\/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\"><script async src=\"\/\/embedr.flickr.com\/assets\/client-code.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script>A pair of 5&#8243; shells in the ammunition elevator.<br \/>\nNikon D300 &#8211; AF-S Nikkor 14-24mm 1:2.8G<\/figcaption><\/figure><figure style=\"width: 1024px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a data-flickr-embed=\"true\" href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/axle81401\/7578132460\/in\/album-72157630593138748\" title=\"USS Joseph P. Kennedy Jr - DD-850\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/live.staticflickr.com\/8421\/7578132460_3fecc21134_b.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"680\" alt=\"USS Joseph P. Kennedy Jr - DD-850\"\/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\"><script async src=\"\/\/embedr.flickr.com\/assets\/client-code.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script>Crew Racks aboard the Kennedy.<br \/>\nNikon D300 &#8211; AF-S Nikkor 14-24mm 1:2.8G<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/p>\n<p>The Gearing-Class destroyer development started in 1942 and was based on the Allen M. Sumner-Class destroyer; well, it&#8217;s more of a variant, with an increased length allowing for greater fuel capacity and thus a longer operating range. The long development and construction time meant they weren&#8217;t ready for service until mid-1945. <em>USS Joseph P. Kennedy Jr.<\/em> was launched from Fore River Shipyard on 26 July 1945 and commissioned on 15 December 1945. It wasn&#8217;t until 4 February 1946 that she departed for a shakedown cruise to the Caribbean before returning home to Newport in April. Her mission was then to serve as a reserve training vessel before sailing for Chile and Venezuela with Admiral William D. Leahy&#8217;s fleet, sailing around South and Central America until her return home on 14 December. In 1947, she steamed to the Mediterranean, joining the 6th Fleet and serving in the fleet&#8217;s role as a peacekeeper and stabilisation force. During this time, she also conducted anti-submarine warfare training and exercises, as well as additional training cruises. Starting in 1950, she began training for bombardment and convoy training duties before steaming for Japan on 3 January 1951. From February to April, she screened attack carriers and conducted patrols in the Taiwan Straits. On 20 May, Joseph P. Kennedy Jr. took up bombardment station off Wonsan to support the Allied siege and occupation of the harbour island. This operation continued until 13 June. Rather than head directly to the west coast, she instead began a circumnavigation of the globe with other ships of Destroyer Squadron 8. The squadron reached Newport on 9 August 1951. Through 1952 and 1953, <em>Joseph P. Kennedy Jr.<\/em> served as a school ship for the Fleet Training School, before returning to fleet duty with the 6th Fleet on 7 January 1953. On 5 November 1955, she sailed for the Arctic for training manoeuvres in the North Sea. After her return, she sailed for Annapolis to embark midshipmen from the Naval Academy training cruise, continuing to act as a training ship through the remainder of the decade. In January 1961, she was present at Washington, D.C., for the inauguration of John F. Kennedy, brother of her namesake. Fleet Rehabilitation and Modernisation took place on 1 July 1961 at the New York Naval Yards. During this time, she received the latest anti-submarine systems and a new helicopter pad and hangar. After extensive shakedown and training, <em>Joseph P. Kennedy Jr.<\/em> returned to fleet duties on 26 August 1962. She would steam to the Caribbean in response to the Cuban Missile Crisis; her crew would even intercept and board the merchant ship Marucla. Her patrol continued until 7 December. Through 1963 and 1964, she continued to serve in training and fleet roles through North America and the Mediterranean. On 25 November 1965, <em>Joseph P. Kennedy Jr.<\/em> took station near Bermuda to assist in the recovery of Gemini 6 and Gemini 7. Following this, she returned to fleet and training duties, along with additional work for the recovery of Gemini 12. <em>Joseph P. Kennedy Jr.<\/em> returned to Newport and was officially decommissioned in 1973, and stricken from the registry on 1 July 1973.<\/p>\n<p><figure style=\"width: 1024px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a data-flickr-embed=\"true\" href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/axle81401\/7578137590\/in\/album-72157630593138748\" title=\"USS Joseph P. Kennedy Jr - DD-850\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/live.staticflickr.com\/7249\/7578137590_8a0f53dbde_b.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"680\" alt=\"USS Joseph P. Kennedy Jr - DD-850\"\/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\"><script async src=\"\/\/embedr.flickr.com\/assets\/client-code.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script>Probably not the most comfortable, but destroyers were comfortable.<br \/>\nNikon D300 &#8211; AF-S Nikkor 14-24mm 1:2.8G<\/figcaption><\/figure><figure style=\"width: 1024px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a data-flickr-embed=\"true\" href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/axle81401\/7578146798\/in\/album-72157630593138748\" title=\"USS Joseph P. Kennedy Jr - DD-850\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/live.staticflickr.com\/7135\/7578146798_d6b86846f0_b.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"680\" alt=\"USS Joseph P. Kennedy Jr - DD-850\"\/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\"><script async src=\"\/\/embedr.flickr.com\/assets\/client-code.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script>One of four Babcock and Wilcox Type-D Express Boilers that powered the Joey P.<br \/>\nNikon D300 &#8211; AF-S Nikkor 14-24mm 1:2.8G<\/figcaption><\/figure><figure style=\"width: 1024px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a data-flickr-embed=\"true\" href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/axle81401\/7578162826\/in\/album-72157630593138748\" title=\"USS Joseph P. Kennedy Jr - DD-850\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/live.staticflickr.com\/7248\/7578162826_6a525265ba_b.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"680\" alt=\"USS Joseph P. Kennedy Jr - DD-850\"\/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\"><script async src=\"\/\/embedr.flickr.com\/assets\/client-code.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script>A peak at the radio equipment aboard, most of it still functions.<br \/>\nNikon D300 &#8211; AF-S Nikkor 14-24mm 1:2.8G<\/figcaption><\/figure><figure style=\"width: 1024px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a data-flickr-embed=\"true\" href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/axle81401\/7819619568\/in\/album-72157630593138748\" title=\"BattleShip Cove\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/live.staticflickr.com\/8424\/7819619568_28d6004c04_b.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"686\" alt=\"BattleShip Cove\"\/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\"><script async src=\"\/\/embedr.flickr.com\/assets\/client-code.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script>The main mast, showing the ship&#8217;s SPS 10 (Surface), SPS 40 (Air), and SPS 23 (Long Range Sonar) arrays.<br \/>\nNikon FM2n &#8211; AI-S Nikkor 50mm 1:1.8 &#8211; Agfa APX25 @ ASA-25 &#8211; Blazinal 1+25 7:00 @ 20C<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/p>\n<p>Unlike other museum ships, <em>Joseph P. Kennedy Jr.<\/em> was immediately moved to Fall River, Massachusetts, as part of Battleship Cove in 1974. She was then restored to her appearance during the 1960s for the Cuban Missile Crisis and Gemini recovery missions. In 2000, she was used during the filming of Thirteen Days, portraying both herself and <em>USS John R. Pierce<\/em>, with her systems being made semi-operational for the action scenes with active duty Navy and Navy reservists in period uniforms to crew her.  <\/p>\n<p><strong>USS Lionfish<\/strong><br \/>\nWhat makes the <em>USS Lionfish<\/em> unique is that it is one of the few submarines preserved in its original configuration. These submarines are small, tight, and claustrophobic. So of course, I had to include it here, even though I had a hard time finding enough photos to include here!<\/p>\n<p><figure style=\"width: 1024px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a data-flickr-embed=\"true\" href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/axle81401\/7819622738\/\" title=\"BattleShip Cove\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/live.staticflickr.com\/8441\/7819622738_3d391ac3c9_b.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"659\" alt=\"BattleShip Cove\"\/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\"><script async src=\"\/\/embedr.flickr.com\/assets\/client-code.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script>The USS Lionfish (SS-298) a Balao-Class Submarine.<br \/>\nNikon FM2n &#8211; AI-S Nikkor 50mm 1:1.8 &#8211; Agfa APX25 @ ASA-25 &#8211; Blazinal 1+25 7:00 @ 20C<\/figcaption><\/figure><figure style=\"width: 1024px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a data-flickr-embed=\"true\" href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/axle81401\/7819629272\/\" title=\"BattleShip Cove\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/live.staticflickr.com\/8299\/7819629272_193acc933a_b.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"687\" alt=\"BattleShip Cove\"\/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\"><script async src=\"\/\/embedr.flickr.com\/assets\/client-code.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script>The main deck gun, a 5&#8243; BL gun. This was supplemented by a 40mm Bofors and a 20mm Oerlikon cannon.<br \/>\nNikon FM2n &#8211; AI-S Nikkor 50mm 1:1.8 &#8211; Agfa APX25 @ ASA-25 &#8211; Blazinal 1+25 7:00 @ 20C<\/figcaption><\/figure><figure style=\"width: 1024px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a data-flickr-embed=\"true\" href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/axle81401\/7578175724\/\" title=\"USS Lionfish - SS-298\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/live.staticflickr.com\/8163\/7578175724_273d926f9a_b.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"680\" alt=\"USS Lionfish - SS-298\"\/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\"><script async src=\"\/\/embedr.flickr.com\/assets\/client-code.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script>The forward torpedo room, the Lionfish had six forward firing 21&#8243; tubes.<br \/>\nNikon D300 &#8211; AF-S Nikkor 14-24mm 1:2.8G<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/p>\n<p>The Balo-Class Submarine is similar in design and specification to the other famous World War II Gato-Class submarine. The Balo-Class had greater diving capability, with a maximum depth of 120 meters (400 feet) compared to the Gato&#8217;s 90 meters (300 feet). The design came out in late 1941 by Captain Andrew McKee and Commander Armand Morgan. <em>USS Lionfish<\/em> was laid down at the Cramp Shipbuilding Co on 15 December 1942. She was launched on 7 November 1943 and commissioned on 1 November 1944 with Lieutenant-Commander Edward D. Spruance as her first captain. After completing a shakedown cruise off the coast of New England, she made for the Pacific, beginning her first war patrol on 1 April 1945. Early into her patrol, she avoided a pair of torpedoes fired by a Japanese submarine. On 1 May, <em>Lionfish<\/em> destroyed a Japanese Schooner with her deck gun. As her patrol wound down, she transported survivors from a downed B-26 to Saipan before heading to Midway for replenishment. Her second patrol began on 2 June 1945. She fired torpedoes at the surfaced Japanese submarine <em>I-162<\/em>; despite observation, the submarine escaped damage. She would fire on two additional submarines during the patrol. She then took up lifeguard patrols, rescuing downed flyers off the coast of Japan. When the war ended on 15 August 1945, <em>Lionfish<\/em> was ordered to Mare Island Navy Yard in California and was decommissioned on 16 January 1946. <em>Lionfish<\/em> was reactivated and recommissioned on 31 January 1951 and headed for the East Coast for training cruises. During this time, she sailed on training cruises and NATO exercises in the Atlantic and Mediterranean. <em>Lionfish<\/em> returned to Boston on 15 December 1953 and was decommissioned. She briefly served as a reserve training submarine in 1960 and was stricken from the Naval Registry in 1971.<\/p>\n<p><figure style=\"width: 1024px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a data-flickr-embed=\"true\" href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/axle81401\/7578182372\/\" title=\"USS Lionfish - SS-298\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/live.staticflickr.com\/8165\/7578182372_6342e73c2a_b.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"680\" alt=\"USS Lionfish - SS-298\"\/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\"><script async src=\"\/\/embedr.flickr.com\/assets\/client-code.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script>The Mess and Rec Room aboard.<br \/>\nNikon D300 &#8211; AF-S Nikkor 14-24mm 1:2.8G<\/figcaption><\/figure><figure style=\"width: 1024px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a data-flickr-embed=\"true\" href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/axle81401\/7578186826\/\" title=\"USS Lionfish - SS-298\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/live.staticflickr.com\/8020\/7578186826_a42a34db93_b.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"680\" alt=\"USS Lionfish - SS-298\"\/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\"><script async src=\"\/\/embedr.flickr.com\/assets\/client-code.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script>The Engine Room, the Lionfish&#8217;s power plant consisted of four Fairbanks-Morse Model 38D8-\u215b 9-cylinder opposed piston diesel engines driving electrical generators.<br \/>\nNikon D300 &#8211; AF-S Nikkor 14-24mm 1:2.8G<\/figcaption><\/figure><figure style=\"width: 1024px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a data-flickr-embed=\"true\" href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/axle81401\/7578192786\/\" title=\"USS Lionfish - SS-298\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/live.staticflickr.com\/8424\/7578192786_ee2a321dfe_b.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"680\" alt=\"USS Lionfish - SS-298\"\/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\"><script async src=\"\/\/embedr.flickr.com\/assets\/client-code.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script>In addition to the six forward tubes, the Lionfish featured four rear tubes of the same type.<br \/>\nNikon D300 &#8211; AF-S Nikkor 14-24mm 1:2.8G<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/p>\n<p>In 1973, <em>Lionfish<\/em> was acquired for the growing collection at Battleship Cove, towed to Fall River to become a permanent ship in the museum, and was named a National Historic Landmark in 1986. This was because Lionfish never received a GUPPY Upgrade in 1947. This makes <em>Lionfish<\/em> one of the few boats to remain in its original configuration. In 2015, she was featured in the movie Subconscious.<\/p>\n<p><strong>USS Massachusetts<\/strong><br \/>\nWhen it comes to iconic World War Two ships, the Battleship, specifically American battleships, takes the cake. I&#8217;ve only had a chance to visit two of them, but the <em>USS Massachusetts<\/em> was the first. I was so in awe of the main guns that a US Navy sailor had to clap me on the shoulder to break the trance of staring up at them.<\/p>\n<p><figure style=\"width: 1024px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a data-flickr-embed=\"true\" href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/axle81401\/7578262268\/in\/album-72157630593138748\" title=\"USS Massachusetts\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/live.staticflickr.com\/8148\/7578262268_fa55b07163_b.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"679\" alt=\"USS Massachusetts\"\/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\"><script async src=\"\/\/embedr.flickr.com\/assets\/client-code.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script>The Massachusetts was big&#8230;but I didn&#8217;t know I was going to see something bigger.<br \/>\nNikon D300 &#8211; AF-S Nikkor 14-24mm 1:2.8G<\/figcaption><\/figure><figure style=\"width: 1024px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a data-flickr-embed=\"true\" href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/axle81401\/7578196028\/in\/album-72157630593138748\" title=\"USS Massachusetts - BB-59\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/live.staticflickr.com\/8166\/7578196028_4a081ef59f_b.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"680\" alt=\"USS Massachusetts - BB-59\"\/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\"><script async src=\"\/\/embedr.flickr.com\/assets\/client-code.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script>One of the three batteries of triple-mount 16&#8243; Mk.6 main guns.<br \/>\nNikon D300 &#8211; AF-S Nikkor 14-24mm 1:2.8G<\/figcaption><\/figure><figure style=\"width: 1024px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a data-flickr-embed=\"true\" href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/axle81401\/7578217610\/in\/album-72157630593138748\" title=\"USS Massachusetts - BB-59\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/live.staticflickr.com\/7260\/7578217610_fb4cda5cf4_b.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"680\" alt=\"USS Massachusetts - BB-59\"\/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\"><script async src=\"\/\/embedr.flickr.com\/assets\/client-code.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script>The Warrant Officer&#8217;s Mess.<br \/>\nNikon D300 &#8211; AF-S Nikkor 14-24mm 1:2.8G<\/figcaption><\/figure><figure style=\"width: 1024px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a data-flickr-embed=\"true\" href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/axle81401\/7578225588\/in\/album-72157630593138748\" title=\"USS Massachusetts - BB-59\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/live.staticflickr.com\/7119\/7578225588_82a777d06e_b.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"680\" alt=\"USS Massachusetts - BB-59\"\/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\"><script async src=\"\/\/embedr.flickr.com\/assets\/client-code.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script>Tiny 5&#8243; shells compared to the massive 16&#8243; main gun shells.<br \/>\nNikon D300 &#8211; AF-S Nikkor 14-24mm 1:2.8G<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/p>\n<p>The South Dakota-Class Battleship was formed out of the need for a larger warship due to the deterioration of the situation in Europe in 1939. The new class would fix the problems the US Navy faced with the North Carolina-class, specifically improvements to underwater armour and turbine protection. It also enlarged the superstructure so they could be used as flagships. The keel was laid down on 20 July 1939 at the Fore River Shipyard. The <em>USS Massachusetts<\/em> was launched on 23 September 1941 and commissioned on 12 May 1942. She proceeded to her shakedown cruise before taking up port at Casco Bay, Maine. She steamed for North Africa to take part in Operation Torch on 24 October, serving as the flagship for Rear Admiral Henry K. Hewitt. On the morning of 8 November, <em>Massachusetts<\/em> opened fire on targets in the Battle of Casablanca, including shore fortifications and the incomplete battleship Jean Bart. Following her service, she returned to the United States on 12 November. Following a brief retrofit, she proceeded to the Pacific Theatre, arriving at Noumea on 4 March 1943, and took up convoy duties. On 30 June, she provided cover for the amphibious assault on New Georgia before proceeding to the Gilbert and Marshall Islands on 19 November, escorting the aircraft carriers as part of Task Group 50.2. She carried out shore bombardments to support the landings at Tarawa, Makin and Nauru. These efforts continued through 1944, with the <em>Massachusetts<\/em> carrying out shore bombardments in the Marshalls, Kwajalein, Truk, Saipan, Tinian, and Guam. In late April 1944, <em>Massachusetts<\/em> departed for Puget Sound Naval Shipyard for an overhaul. She returned to combat operations on 1 August. From there, <em>Massachusetts<\/em> participated in the bombardment of Morotai and Peleliu. Then she transferred to the Philippines, striking targets on Visayas, Luzon, and Manila. She would be present in the Leyte Gulf and took part in the Battle of the Sibuyan Sea and the Battle of Cape Enga\u00f1o, where American forces sank all four Japanese Aircraft Carriers and damaged two old battleships. By February 1945, <em>Massachusetts<\/em> continued to support her carriers by striking Honshu and Iwo Jima. And then a part of the invasion of Okinawa in April. On 1 July 1945, she struck targets on the Japanese home islands, targeting the Japan Iron Co and Kamaishi Steel Works. Then, two weeks later targeting industrial facilities at Hamamatsu. Following the Japanese surrender on 15 August, she steamed for Puget Sound for an overhaul. Then it was onwards to San Francisco, then Hampton Roads by 22 April 1946. She was then decommissioned and placed in the Atlantic Reserve Fleet on 27 March 1947. During this period, several modernisation plans were proposed, including conversion into a guided-missile battleship, which would have seen all three main batteries removed and replaced with Talos and Tartar missile launchers. But the project proved cost-prohibitive. During this time, the Navy used her as a parts source, stripping out tons of equipment for use in other warships. <em>Massachusetts<\/em> was struck from the naval registry on 1 June 1962.<\/p>\n<p><figure style=\"width: 1024px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a data-flickr-embed=\"true\" href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/axle81401\/7578237248\/in\/album-72157630593138748\" title=\"USS Massachusetts - BB-59\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/live.staticflickr.com\/8286\/7578237248_6fa5d9a030_b.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"680\" alt=\"USS Massachusetts - BB-59\"\/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\"><script async src=\"\/\/embedr.flickr.com\/assets\/client-code.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script>The Radar Plot screen, this was a manual business reading the screens, then drawing them on this one for all to see.<br \/>\nNikon D300 &#8211; AF-S Nikkor 14-24mm 1:2.8G<\/figcaption><\/figure><figure style=\"width: 1024px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a data-flickr-embed=\"true\" href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/axle81401\/7819664900\/in\/album-72157630593138748\" title=\"BattleShip Cove\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/live.staticflickr.com\/8443\/7819664900_7202377e13_b.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"692\" alt=\"BattleShip Cove\"\/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\"><script async src=\"\/\/embedr.flickr.com\/assets\/client-code.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script>Looking out over the forward two 16&#8243; gun batteries.<br \/>\nNikon FM2n &#8211; AI-S Nikkor 50mm 1:1.8 &#8211; Agfa APX25 @ ASA-25 &#8211; Blazinal 1+25 7:00 @ 20C<\/figcaption><\/figure><figure style=\"width: 1024px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a data-flickr-embed=\"true\" href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/axle81401\/7819669118\/in\/album-72157630593138748\" title=\"BattleShip Cove\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/live.staticflickr.com\/7110\/7819669118_344ac31572_b.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"685\" alt=\"BattleShip Cove\"\/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\"><script async src=\"\/\/embedr.flickr.com\/assets\/client-code.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script>A quad mount 40mm Boffors anti-aircraft battery. There were 7 such emplacements aboard.<br \/>\nNikon FM2n &#8211; AI-S Nikkor 50mm 1:1.8 &#8211; Agfa APX25 @ ASA-25 &#8211; Blazinal 1+25 7:00 @ 20C<\/figcaption><\/figure><figure style=\"width: 1024px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a data-flickr-embed=\"true\" href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/axle81401\/7819672600\/in\/album-72157630593138748\" title=\"BattleShip Cove\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/live.staticflickr.com\/7264\/7819672600_02aabe4eef_b.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" alt=\"BattleShip Cove\"\/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\"><script async src=\"\/\/embedr.flickr.com\/assets\/client-code.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script>The secondary arms, 20 5&#8243; guns in twin-mounts.<br \/>\nNikon FM2n &#8211; AI-S Nikkor 50mm 1:1.8 &#8211; Agfa APX25 @ ASA-25 &#8211; Blazinal 1+25 7:00 @ 20C<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/p>\n<p>After the word reached members of her former crew, a movement was formed to save the ship from being scrapped. The Massachusetts Memorial Committee successfully raised enough funds, including large donations from children, to purchase the old battleship from the US Navy. Ownership was officially transferred on 8 June 1965. Two months later, she was towed to Battleship Cove in Fall River, MA. Despite being stripped of parts, the Massachusetts was still in good condition and close to her appearance during World War II. Additional parts were stripped in the 1980s to reactivate several Iowa-Class Battleships, but these were largely replaced by replicas as original parts were no longer available. She was declared a National Historic Landmark on 14 January 1986. On 4 November 1998, <em>Massachusetts<\/em> departed Battleship Cove and entered Boston&#8217;s Drydock 4 for repair and restoration. During the process, additional armour was installed to prevent rust damage from leaking, and leaking rivets were repaired. She returned to Battleship Cove in March 1999 to much fanfare. <\/p>\n<p><strong>USS Constitution<\/strong><br \/>\nThere are old ships, and there are old ships, and sure, the <em>HMS Victory<\/em> is the oldest warship, but the <em>USS Constitution<\/em> is the oldest commissioned warship, and as museum ships go, the <em>Constitution<\/em> is probably my favourite one to date. It also has the longest career of all the ships I&#8217;ve included on this, so we&#8217;re going to have to take it down a notch and gloss over everything for the sake of you, my dear readers.<\/p>\n<p><figure style=\"width: 1024px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a data-flickr-embed=\"true\" href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/axle81401\/7640643122\/in\/album-72157630704705138\" title=\"Ironsides\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/live.staticflickr.com\/8161\/7640643122_ee148589f0_b.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"680\" alt=\"Ironsides\"\/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\"><script async src=\"\/\/embedr.flickr.com\/assets\/client-code.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script>The Oldest Ship on the list, the USS Constitution, Old Ironsides herself.<br \/>\nNikon D300 &#8211; AF-S Nikkor 14-24mm 1:2.8G<\/figcaption><\/figure><figure style=\"width: 1024px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a data-flickr-embed=\"true\" href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/axle81401\/7626658062\/in\/album-72157630704705138\" title=\"Rigged\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/live.staticflickr.com\/8147\/7626658062_dc9613d6e9_b.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"680\" alt=\"Rigged\"\/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\"><script async src=\"\/\/embedr.flickr.com\/assets\/client-code.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script>Another view as I enter the ship.<br \/>\nNikon D300 &#8211; AF-S Nikkor 14-24mm 1:2.8G<\/figcaption><\/figure><figure style=\"width: 1024px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a data-flickr-embed=\"true\" href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/axle81401\/7640620472\/in\/album-72157630704705138\" title=\"Carronade\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/live.staticflickr.com\/8141\/7640620472_f636108c23_b.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"680\" alt=\"Carronade\"\/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\"><script async src=\"\/\/embedr.flickr.com\/assets\/client-code.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script>Most of the main deck was occupied by carronades.<br \/>\nNikon D300 &#8211; AF-S Nikkor 14-24mm 1:2.8G<\/figcaption><\/figure><figure style=\"width: 1024px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a data-flickr-embed=\"true\" href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/axle81401\/7640629136\/in\/album-72157630704705138\" title=\"Out of place\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/live.staticflickr.com\/8026\/7640629136_0443f7010e_b.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"680\" alt=\"Out of place\"\/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\"><script async src=\"\/\/embedr.flickr.com\/assets\/client-code.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script>She might be old, but she&#8217;s still active so safety first!<br \/>\nNikon D300 &#8211; AF-S Nikkor 14-24mm 1:2.8G<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/p>\n<p>From the earliest beginnings as a nation, the United States did not like having a standing military in any form. After the Revolution, most of the standing army was disbanded, with the military used primarily for defence in well-organised state militias and a coast guard. Problems arose when American merchants ran afoul of the Barbary Pirates. Crews and ships were being held for ransom, and the US Congress authorised the construction of six heavy frigates. Ships larger than the average frigate, but also faster to escape the large ships of the line from the European navies. The passage of the Naval Act of 1794 provided the funds, and the keel of the USS Constitution was laid down on 1 November 1794 in Boston. Construction was still underway in 1796 when peace terms were reached, and construction of the ships was halted in accordance with the Naval Act; however, President Washington intervened, and Congress allowed for three of the most complete frigates to be completed. <em>USS Constitution<\/em> was officially commissioned into the new US Navy on 21 October 1797. Her first role was to patrol for French ships harassing American shipping in 1798 during the Quasi-War; she patrolled both the US Coast and the West Indies. This action lasted until 1801, after which Constitution was put into ordinary (having her sails, masts, rigging, and armament removed and stored). Renewed conflict with the Barbary States in 1803, recalled <em>Constitution<\/em> into service, and she sailed for the Mediterranean as flagship of the squadron on 14 August 1803. Her captain, Edward Preble, proved to be an able captain and diplomat, using the presence of American warships to force a treaty with Sultan Slimane of Morocco for the return of American ships and prisoners. Preble also led the attack on Tripoli following the destruction of <em>USS Philadelphia<\/em>, with the crew serving on blockade duty until 14 August 1804. Following this, <em>Constitution<\/em> remained in the Mediterranean to defend American shipping at the outset of a renewed conflict between Great Britain and France, and even prepared for action against Great Britain following the attack on <em>USS Chesapeake<\/em> by <em>HMS Leopard<\/em> on 15 May 1807, but when the situation was resolved peacefully, she returned to Boston having been away for more than four years. <em>Constitution<\/em> spent several years in ordinary service until a renewed threat of conflict with Great Britain led to her recommissioning and refitting in June 1810. <em>Constitution<\/em>, under the command of Isaac Hull, transported the new Ambassador to France on 5 August 1811, then conducted training and shadowing cruises off the European Coast, returning to Boston on 18 February 1811. The Anglo-American War of 1812 is where Constitution earned her name and fame. From the start, she outran a British patrol, reduced <em>HMS Guerriere<\/em> to splinters in the iconic engagement that earned her the nickname Old Ironsides. She also engaged and defeated <em>HMS Java<\/em>, <em>HMS Cyane<\/em>, and a number of British merchant vessels over the course of the war. The ship, like her captain and crew, was met in harbours as heroes. Despite her age, Constitution continued to serve the United States; following the war, she again served as flagship of the Mediterranean Squadron through the 1820s. However, by the end of the decade, she required increasingly extensive repairs, and in 1828 she returned to Boston and was placed in reserve. Following a rumour that she was to be broken up in 1830, Oliver Wendell Holmes penned the poem &#8220;Old Ironsides&#8221;, which soon spread throughout the United States, and with a bit of wrangling, <em>Constitution<\/em> entered dry dock in 1833 and was returned to service in 1835 under the command of Captain Jesse Elliot. She again returned as the flagship of the Mediterranean Squadron through 1838, then as the flagship of the Pacific Squadron from 1839 to 1841, then for a brief period served in the home squadron in 1842 before being put in ordinary again. The years had taken their toll, along with several months of neglect, being reduced to serving as a receiving ship in Norfolk. It was Captain John Percival who oversaw a new refit, repairs, and return to service on 6 November 1844, first carrying a new ambassador to France before circumnavigating the globe, and returning to Boston on 27 November 1846. She was then placed in mothballs, but again recalled for refit and duty starting in January 1848. Under Captain John Gwinn, she sailed for the Mediterranean on 9 December 1848, arriving in Tripoli on 19 January 1849. She continued to patrol the region, protecting American interests, before returning home at the end of 1850. <em>Constitution<\/em> turned around quickly and returned to duty on 22 December 1852 under Captain John Rudd as part of the African Squadron, making her final capture on 3 November 1854 of <em>HN Gambrill<\/em>, a slave ship. She then sailed for home, arriving at Portsmouth Navy Yard on 14 June 1855 and was decommissioned for the final time. Following this, she was moved to the US Naval Academy for use as a training ship on 1 August 1860. At the outbreak of the American Civil War, <em>Constitution<\/em> was moved further north with a detachment of volunteers to protect her from possible sabotage. During her service at the academy, she had gas lighting and steam heat installed, although by 1871 she had been retired as a training ship and moved to the Philadelphia Naval Yard for storage.<\/p>\n<p><figure style=\"width: 1024px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a data-flickr-embed=\"true\" href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/axle81401\/7841110878\/in\/album-72157630704705138\" title=\"Project:1812 - USS Constitution\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/live.staticflickr.com\/8295\/7841110878_9d50d8c40e_b.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"1024\" alt=\"Project:1812 - USS Constitution\"\/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\"><script async src=\"\/\/embedr.flickr.com\/assets\/client-code.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script>Of course I had to get a photo of the ship&#8217;s bell.<br \/>\nRolleiflex 2.8F &#8211; Carl Zeiss Planar 80mm 1:2.8 (Green Filter) &#8211; Kodak TMax 100 @ ASA-100 &#8211; Blazinal 1+25 6:00 @ 20C<\/figcaption><\/figure><figure style=\"width: 1024px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a data-flickr-embed=\"true\" href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/axle81401\/7841137010\/in\/album-72157630704705138\" title=\"Project:1812 - USS Constitution\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/live.staticflickr.com\/8291\/7841137010_423afb8ae6_b.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"1024\" alt=\"Project:1812 - USS Constitution\"\/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\"><script async src=\"\/\/embedr.flickr.com\/assets\/client-code.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script>Looking out over the sides to see the long range canon on the gun deck (which was closed to me).<br \/>\nRolleiflex 2.8F &#8211; Carl Zeiss Planar 80mm 1:2.8 (Green Filter) &#8211; Kodak TMax 100 @ ASA-100 &#8211; Blazinal 1+25 6:00 @ 20C<\/figcaption><\/figure><figure style=\"width: 1024px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a data-flickr-embed=\"true\" href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/axle81401\/7841143156\/in\/album-72157630704705138\" title=\"Project:1812 - USS Constitution\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/live.staticflickr.com\/8296\/7841143156_8cc878fe76_b.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"1024\" alt=\"Project:1812 - USS Constitution\"\/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\"><script async src=\"\/\/embedr.flickr.com\/assets\/client-code.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script>Despite the number of guns, she is still the lightest armed ship on the list.<br \/>\nRolleiflex 2.8F &#8211; Carl Zeiss Planar 80mm 1:2.8 (Green Filter) &#8211; Kodak TMax 100 @ ASA-100 &#8211; Blazinal 1+25 6:00 @ 20C<\/figcaption><\/figure><figure style=\"width: 1024px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a data-flickr-embed=\"true\" href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/axle81401\/7841145980\/in\/album-72157630704705138\" title=\"Project:1812 - USS Constitution\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/live.staticflickr.com\/7106\/7841145980_f2c931f40d_b.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"1024\" alt=\"Project:1812 - USS Constitution\"\/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\"><script async src=\"\/\/embedr.flickr.com\/assets\/client-code.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script>The ship&#8217;s wheel.<br \/>\nRolleiflex 2.8F &#8211; Carl Zeiss Planar 80mm 1:2.8 (Green Filter) &#8211; Kodak TMax 100 @ ASA-100 &#8211; Blazinal 1+25 6:00 @ 20C<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/p>\n<p>Despite her age, <em>Constitution<\/em> still held a special place in the hearts and history of the United States. While no longer officially commissioned, she was dragged out of the yards in 1873 for restoration work in preparation for the centennial celebrations. Work, however, was slow and wasn&#8217;t completed until well after the celebrations were done in 1876. She began a floating museum, travelling as a training ship. She would be made seaworthy again and sailed for France in 1878, transporting artwork and displays for the Paris Exposition of 1878. The voyage caused extensive damage to the ship, and she was forced into dry dock in France, where she remained until 1879, when she returned to the United States. The voyage ended with her being towed into England for further repairs before finally returning to the United States on 24 May 1879. Lacking funds for further repairs, she was moved into Portsmouth Yard as a receiving ship. It wasn&#8217;t until John F. Fitzgerald learned of her deteriorating condition that action was taken to save the ship. He saw to the passage of a bill that provided the needed funds to tow the Constitution to Boston for proper restoration, with the <em>Constitution<\/em> finally returning home to the Charleston Navy Yard on 21 September 1897. The big question was money; while Congress authorised the restoration of her as a museum ship in 1900, the government provided no funds to start the process. Although the Daughters of the War of 1812 launched a fundraising campaign, it failed to raise the needed funds, and in 1903 the Massachusetts Historical Society requested that the <em>Constitution<\/em> be restored and returned to active service. In 1905, the suggestion that she be used as target practice was met with an offer to buy the ship from a wealthy Boston business owner. When the government refused the offer, he launched a public campaign, and the resulting storm of protest eventually led Congress to authorise funds to restore the ship in 1906. By 1907, <em>Constitution<\/em> was open to the public for tours as a partial restoration had been completed. She was briefly renamed &#8220;Old Constitution&#8221; in 1917, when the name was planned for use on a future Lexington-Class Battleship. During this brief period, an inspection in 1924 found her to be in rough condition, which, if not righted, could result in the loss of the ship. Congress authorised the Navy to raise funds privately for the restoration. This time, the fundraising campaign proved successful in raising the necessary funds; the name <em>Constitution<\/em> was also restored in 1925. She entered dry dock on 16 June 1927, with restoration work completed on 15 March 1930, and was returned to seaworthiness. The <em>USS Constitution<\/em> was officially recommissioned into the US Navy on 1 July 1931 with Commander Louis J Gulliver as captain. She was crewed by sixty officers and men with a fifteen-man Marine garrison aboard. She would then conduct a sailing tour before returning to Boston in May 1934 as a museum ship. In the mid-20th Century, she received a new forced-air heating system and a fire suppression system. Congress ensured her continued support by making the Secretary of the Navy responsible for her upkeep. Another round of restoration took place between April 1973-4, although far less than in the 1920s. In preparation for the bicentennial celebrations, Commander Tyron G. Martin began restoring Constitution to her appearance during the Anglo-American War of 1812. In 1976, the USS Constitution Museum opened alongside her berth in Boston, and a grove of live oaks was prepared at the Naval Surface Warfare Center in Indiana to supply future timber for <em>Constitution<\/em>. On 10 July, she led a parade of tall ships up Boston Harbour, firing her guns for the first time in 100 years, even rendering a 21-gun salute to Her Majesty&#8217;s Yacht <em>Britannia<\/em> as Queen Elizabeth II and Prince Philip arrived for a State Visit. The Queen and Prince toured Constitution, and her crew rendered three cheers for the Queen. <em>Constitution&#8217;s<\/em> most extensive repair and refit since her construction took place between 1992 and 1995 and took advantage of modern technology to seek out any problems that were not perceptible. Following the repair work, additional work was undertaken to allow <em>Constitution<\/em> to sail under her own power, with the crew undertaking training using a 1819 manual and practice aboard the US Coast Guard Cutter Eagle. Through July 1997, <em>Constitution<\/em> sailed under her own power, making a speed of six knots. She last entered dry dock in 2015 for further restoration and repair work, returning in the summer of 2017. In 2022, Commander Billie J. Farrell was appointed as the first female captain of Constitution. Today she remains command of Commander Crystal L. Schaefer since 2024. If you&#8217;re ever in Boston, make sure to visit her at Pier One at the old Charleston Navy Yards.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Battleship New Jersey<\/strong><br \/>\nAfter seeing the USS Massachusetts, I thought I had seen the biggest warship other than aircraft carriers; I would be wrong because, to wrap this list up, it is the largest warship I have stepped foot on. The iconic battleship of World War II, the Iowa-class USS New Jersey. What makes New Jersey unique is that it was on my longest fall vacation to the United States, and even though I was staying in New Jersey, to get to the ship, I had to drive into Pennsylvania, then back into New Jersey and drive through a rather rough area of Camden before reaching the museum.<\/p>\n<p><figure style=\"width: 1024px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a data-flickr-embed=\"true\" href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/axle81401\/10718512513\/in\/album-72157637373959964\" title=\"USS New Jersey - BB-62\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/live.staticflickr.com\/3833\/10718512513_52bc12e441_b.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"633\" alt=\"USS New Jersey - BB-62\"\/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\"><script async src=\"\/\/embedr.flickr.com\/assets\/client-code.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script>The Iowa Class Battleships are massive, I didn&#8217;t realise how big they were until standing next to one.<br \/>\nNikon D300 &#8211; AF-S Nikkor 14-24mm 1:2.8G<\/figcaption><\/figure><figure style=\"width: 1024px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a data-flickr-embed=\"true\" href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/axle81401\/10705951364\/in\/album-72157637373959964\" title=\"USS New Jersey - BB-62\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/live.staticflickr.com\/3810\/10705951364_66a1671523_b.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"737\" alt=\"USS New Jersey - BB-62\"\/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\"><script async src=\"\/\/embedr.flickr.com\/assets\/client-code.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script>The massive 16&#8243; guns, the New Jersey was equipped with nine guns in three batteries.<br \/>\nPentax 645 &#8211; SMC Pentax A 645 35mm 1:3.5 &#8211; Efke R50 @ ASA-50 &#8211; PMK Pyro (1+2+100) 8:00 @ 20C<\/figcaption><\/figure><figure style=\"width: 1024px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a data-flickr-embed=\"true\" href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/axle81401\/10706166223\/in\/album-72157637373959964\" title=\"USS New Jersey - BB-62\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/live.staticflickr.com\/5524\/10706166223_319468d788_b.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"644\" alt=\"USS New Jersey - BB-62\"\/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\"><script async src=\"\/\/embedr.flickr.com\/assets\/client-code.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script>Another look at the forward two main gun batteries.<br \/>\nPentax 645 &#8211; SMC Pentax A 645 35mm 1:3.5 &#8211; Efke R50 @ ASA-50 &#8211; PMK Pyro (1+2+100) 8:00 @ 20C<\/figcaption><\/figure><figure style=\"width: 1024px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a data-flickr-embed=\"true\" href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/axle81401\/10705963414\/in\/album-72157637373959964\" title=\"USS New Jersey - BB-62\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/live.staticflickr.com\/5539\/10705963414_69389d677d_b.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"760\" alt=\"USS New Jersey - BB-62\"\/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\"><script async src=\"\/\/embedr.flickr.com\/assets\/client-code.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script>A modern weapon, the New Jersey was updated to carry Tomahawk and Harpoon Missiles with the 1982 upgrade.<br \/>\nPentax 645 &#8211; SMC Pentax A 645 35mm 1:3.5 &#8211; Efke R50 @ ASA-50 &#8211; PMK Pyro (1+2+100) 8:00 @ 20C<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/p>\n<p>The Iowa-Class Battleship grew out of the need for a fast battleship to intercept the Japanese Kong\u014d-class battlecruisers and from Battle Plan Orange, the US Navy&#8217;s plan for a war with Japan. These ships could also keep up and easily screen the new fast attack carriers. <em>USS New Jersey<\/em> was laid down at the Philadelphia Naval Shipyard on 16 September 1940 and was launched on 7 December 1942, the first anniversary of the attack on Pearl Harbor. She was officially commissioned on 23 May 1943 with Captain Carl F. Holden in command. She completed her shakedown cruise along the Atlantic coast, steaming for the Caribbean, passing through the Panama Canal on 7 January 1944 and entered combat service with the 5th Fleet with the bombardment of the Marshall Islands. <em>New Jersey<\/em> provided aircraft defence against Japanese planes attempting to attack the American aircraft carriers. <em>New Jersey<\/em> became the flagship of the 5th Fleet on 4 February, when Admiral Raymond A. Spruance took command, and provided bombardment and screening duties during Operation Hailstone for the attack on the Japanese Fleet Base on Truk and the Carolines. Through the spring, New Jersey supported attacks on Palau, Wolea, Aitape, Tanahmera Bay, Humboldt Bay, and New Guinea. On 12 June, she was part of the task force that attacked the Marianas, her guns bombarding Japanese shore emplacements on Saipan and Tinian in advance of the Marine landings. She participated in the Battle of the Philippine Sea along with strikes on Guam and the Palaus. Following this, she steamed for Pearl Harbor, arriving on 9 August 1944, where she became the flagship of the 3rd Fleet. Then sailed for Ulithi to support Allied forces in the Philippines, operating strikes against targets in the Philippines, Okinawa, and Formosa into the fall of 1944. <em>New Jersey<\/em> would conduct shore bombardments in the lead-up to the Leyte landings of 20 October and screened the carriers during the Battle of Leyte Gulf. On 18 December 1944, <em>New Jersey<\/em> started to encounter Typhoon Cobra; while she weathered the storm, the task force lost three ships, with 790 men lost and serious damage done to almost all the ships. The survivors would return to Ulithi on 24 December. From the end of 1944 into early 1945, New Jersey continued her usual operations, conducting carrier screening and shore bombardment on Formosa, Okinawa, Luzon, Hong Kong, Shantou, and Amoy. <em>New Jersey<\/em> provided screening for the carriers striking at Iwo Jima and Tokyo. From 14 March to 16 April, <em>New Jersey<\/em> provided all levels of support for the invasion of Okinawa and Honsh\u016b. Following this, she sailed for Puget Sound for an overhaul before returning to the Pacific on 4 July, arriving in Guam on 14 August, again taking on the role of flagship for the 5th Fleet. From there, <em>New Jersey<\/em> sailed for Tokyo Bay on 17 September, serving as flagship for successive commanders of the Naval Occupation forces until 28 January 1946, when she joined Operation Magic Carpet returning American troops to the United States. After an overhaul at Puget Sound, <em>New Jersey<\/em> sailed for the east coast, returning on 23 May 1947. Throughout the summer of 1947, she participated in a training cruise in Northern European waters, hosting 2,000 midshipmen and allowing them to gain seagoing experience. After returning to the United States, she served briefly as the flagship for Rear Admiral Herber H. McLean for Battleship Division 1. She was deactivated in the New York Naval Shipyard and decommissioned on 30 June 1948. When the Korean War broke out, <em>New Jersey<\/em> was reactivated and arrived on 17 May 1950, serving two tours of duty, using her big guns to bombard North Korean targets. By 14 October 1953, New Jersey steamed for home, arriving in Norfolk by November. After some time in port, she steamed for Europe to serve with the 6th Fleet in the Mediterranean through the balance of 1955, returning on 7 January 1956. That summer she again carried midshipmen to Northern Europe for a training cruise, and then after a brief return home, steamed again in August for NATO exercises. She would return again on 21 August 1957 and be decommissioned. A decade later, <em>New Jersey<\/em> would be selected to receive a major update due to being in the best condition of the other Iowa-Class battleships. During her modernisation, most of the older 20mm and 40mm cannons were removed and modern radar and electronic warfare systems were installed. <em>New Jersey<\/em> was recommissioned on 6 April 1968 and steamed out from the Philadelphia Naval Shipyard under the command of Captain J. Edward Snyder. After an extensive series of shakedowns and training cruises, she arrived off the Vietnamese coast on 30 September 1968. <em>New Jersey<\/em> would pound shore targets with her main guns during her tour in the Vietnam War and support ground action by US Army and Marine units. She completed her first tour and steamed for the United States, arriving on 5 May 1969. While the crew planned to return, <em>New Jersey<\/em> was ordered to Puget Sound and was decommissioned and mothballed on 17 December 1969. The 600-Ship Navy program saw <em>New Jersey<\/em> reactivated and towed to California in July 1981 for a second round of modernisation. While there were a ton of plans to upgrade, remove, and refit <em>New Jersey<\/em>, the key update was the installation of missile launchers for the Harpoon and Tomahawk missiles along with Phalanx CIWS, which only removed a few 5&#8243; guns, leaving the main batteries intact. She was recommissioned 28 December 1982. In her new configuration, <em>New Jersey<\/em> served in the peacekeeping force during the Lebanese Civil War, shelling shore positions. Following that service, she served in the Pacific as the centrepiece of a battle group until 1990. After the collapse of the USSR in 1991, <em>New Jersey<\/em> was recalled and decommissioned for the final time, preventing her participation in the Gulf War. She remained in reserve until 1995, when she was struck from the Naval Vessel Register.<\/p>\n<p><figure style=\"width: 1024px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a data-flickr-embed=\"true\" href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/axle81401\/10718283784\/in\/album-72157637373959964\" title=\"USS New Jersey - BB-62\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/live.staticflickr.com\/3713\/10718283784_54c0a0dd1c_b.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"680\" alt=\"USS New Jersey - BB-62\"\/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\"><script async src=\"\/\/embedr.flickr.com\/assets\/client-code.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script>An example of a 16&#8243; shell.<br \/>\nNikon D300 &#8211; AF-S Nikkor 14-24mm 1:2.8G<\/figcaption><\/figure><figure style=\"width: 1024px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a data-flickr-embed=\"true\" href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/axle81401\/10718346643\/in\/album-72157637373959964\" title=\"USS New Jersey - BB-62\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/live.staticflickr.com\/7375\/10718346643_a8562be4bf_b.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"680\" alt=\"USS New Jersey - BB-62\"\/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\"><script async src=\"\/\/embedr.flickr.com\/assets\/client-code.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script>Modern equipment in the communications room.<br \/>\nNikon D300 &#8211; AF-S Nikkor 14-24mm 1:2.8G<\/figcaption><\/figure><figure style=\"width: 1024px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a data-flickr-embed=\"true\" href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/axle81401\/10718134814\/in\/album-72157637373959964\" title=\"USS New Jersey - BB-62\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/live.staticflickr.com\/5530\/10718134814_16bc6411d4_b.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"680\" alt=\"USS New Jersey - BB-62\"\/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\"><script async src=\"\/\/embedr.flickr.com\/assets\/client-code.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script>Another shot of the communications room.<br \/>\nNikon D300 &#8211; AF-S Nikkor 14-24mm 1:2.8G<\/figcaption><\/figure><figure style=\"width: 1024px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a data-flickr-embed=\"true\" href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/axle81401\/10718305563\/in\/album-72157637373959964\" title=\"USS New Jersey - BB-62\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/live.staticflickr.com\/7311\/10718305563_c8743b8f07_b.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"680\" alt=\"USS New Jersey - BB-62\"\/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\"><script async src=\"\/\/embedr.flickr.com\/assets\/client-code.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script>Like many modern ships, the New Jersey also operated four helicopters from her flight deck.<br \/>\nNikon D300 &#8211; AF-S Nikkor 14-24mm 1:2.8G<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/p>\n<p>Due to clauses in the National Defence Authorisation Act of 1996, the US Navy was required to maintain two Iowa-Class Battleships in the mothball fleet. As New Jersey was in good condition, it filled that role until changes to the act in 1998 removed it from the list again. After being struck from the list, <em>New Jersey<\/em> was then transferred to a not-for-profit group and towed to Philadelphia Naval Shipyards for restoration, repair and conversion to a museum ship in 1999. Two groups competed for the battleship, with the Home Port Alliance of Camden, New Jersey, being selected, and on 15 October 2000, <em>New Jersey<\/em> arrived with great fanfare at her new home. From the start, New Jersey proved to be a popular destination, hosting a number of events for local and statewide groups. In 2004, she was designated a National Historic Place by the state and a National Historic Place at the federal level. For a quick moment in 2012, there were rumors that <em>New Jersey<\/em> would be located to Liberty State Park, but nothing came of that suggestion. In 2024, <em>New Jersey<\/em> was towed from Camden for an extended stay at the Philadelphia Naval Shipyard for critical preservation, restoration, and repair work. The work took only a few months, and by mid-June she had returned to Camden. Even today, the staff at <em>New Jersey<\/em> are finding all sorts of new and interesting items both aboard and abroad related to New Jersey and runs an excellent YouTube Channel sharing all these secrets.<\/p>\n<figure style=\"width: 1024px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a data-flickr-embed=\"true\" href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/axle81401\/27939831001\/\" title=\"The U-505\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/live.staticflickr.com\/7348\/27939831001_e19f7d4f50_b.jpg\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" alt=\"The U-505\"\/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\"><script async src=\"\/\/embedr.flickr.com\/assets\/client-code.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script>The U-505, I wish I could have included this one, but I have only one internal photo!<br \/>\nSony a6000 + Sony E PZ 16-50mm 1:3.5-5.6 OSS<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>These aren&#8217;t a complete list of the museum ships that I have toured, but rather the ones where I had at least six good photos. There are some I&#8217;m saddened I don&#8217;t have more photos from. The first that comes to mind is U-505, a Type IXC, a Kriegsmarine U-Boat that served Nazi Germany in World War 2 and is on display at the Griffin Museum of Science and Industry in Chicago. There&#8217;s also the <em>USS Cavalla<\/em> (SS-244), a World War 2 Gato-class submarine that earned fame by sinking the Japanese Aircraft Carrier <em>Sh\u014dkaku<\/em>, and <em>USS Stewart<\/em> (DE-238), an Edsall-class destroyer escort from World War 2 and the only example of the class on display. Both are on display at the Galveston Naval Museum (I got to help paint the <em>Cavalla<\/em> in 2014). And then there&#8217;s the Buffalo Naval &#038; Military Park, where I have no photos at all from my visit and ejection during OPEX &#8217;77, when I visited the <em>USS The Sullivans<\/em>, a Fletcher-Class Destroyer, the largest and most important class of destroyers in the US Navy in World War 2. The <em>USS Little Rock<\/em>, a Cleveland-class light cruiser converted to a guided missile cruiser. And <em>USS Croaker<\/em>, another Gato-Class Submarine where I ran from the stern to the fore and got caught, which is how I got ejected. As for Canada, there is still one museum ship I need to check out and hope to next year, <em>HMCS Ojibwa<\/em> an Oberon-class submarine on display in Port Burwell, Ontario.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Don&#8217;t worry, this isn&#8217;t a post about new-age music. Back in August, I had the chance to tour one of Canada&#8217;s museum ships again; we don&#8217;t have many, especially here in Ontario. But it got me thinking about how important these museum ships are in bringing us closer to history. It&#8217;s all well and good to read about the naval battles of the past. But being able to walk the decks of the ships that were right in the thick of things is something else. My first experience with museum ships came way back in the 1990s on a family vacation to Hilton Head and<a class=\"more-link\" href=\"http:\/\/www.alexluyckx.com\/blog\/2026\/10\/15\/sail-away-museum-ships\/\"><span>Read More &rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[10],"tags":[446,1436,126,425,933,22,107,407,803,452,384,2066,1759,283,478,28,290,665,169,993,2130,32,262,1760,460,822,936,295,372,600,111,451,484,29,502,556,31,2128,157,865,986,1720,2129],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.alexluyckx.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9964"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.alexluyckx.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.alexluyckx.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.alexluyckx.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.alexluyckx.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9964"}],"version-history":[{"count":28,"href":"http:\/\/www.alexluyckx.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9964\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":10095,"href":"http:\/\/www.alexluyckx.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9964\/revisions\/10095"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.alexluyckx.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9964"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.alexluyckx.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9964"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.alexluyckx.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9964"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}